We may cut up gourds before cattle or a carcass before dogs. R’ Yehudah says: If it was not [yet] a carcass prior to the Sabbath, it is prohibited, since it is not something that was prepared.

We may annul vows on the Sabbath, and we may seek release [from vows] for things that are necessary for the Sabbath. We may stop up a window, and we may measure a patch or a mikveh. An in-cident occurred in the days of R’ Tzaddok’s father and in the days of Abba Shaul ben Batnis, that they stopped up the window with an earthenware jug, and tied a cup with a rush to ascertain whether a vat had an aperture of a handbreadth or not. And from their words we learned that we may stop up, measure, and tie on the Sabbath.