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Mikvaos 5:4-5
Rabbi Zvi Nussbaum

ืžืฉื ื” ื“


ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื›ืžืงื•ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ืœืžืงื•ื” ื”ืžื™ื ืงืจื ื™ืžื™ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžืงื•ื” ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืžื™ื ื™ ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ื•ืคืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ืœื–ื‘ื™ืŸ ื•ืœืžืฆื•ืจืขื™ื ื•ืœืงื“ืฉ ืžื”ื ืžื™ ื—ื˜ืืช


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื”ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื›ืžืงื•ื”


ืœื ืงืจื ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžืงื•ื” ืืœื ืœื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ, ื“ื‘ื™ื” ืžืฉืชืขื™ ืงืจื ื‘ืžืขืฉื” ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช, ืฉืฉื ื ืงื•ื• ื›ืœ ืžื™ืžื™ ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช


ื•ืœื ื ืืžืจ ื™ืžื™ื


ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื, ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืžืขื•ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžื™ื ื™ ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื”, ืฉื›ืœ ื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืืœื™ื•


ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืžื™ื


ื•ื™ื ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื ืžื™ ืชื•ืจืช ืžืขื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื”ื ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ, ืžืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื—ืœื™ื ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ื•ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ืขืœื™ื”ื. ืื‘ืœ ืคืกื•ืœื™ืŸ ื”ืŸ ืœืชื•ืจืช ืžื™ื ื—ื™ื™ื, ืฉื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืงืจืืŸ ืžืงื•ื”. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™


-----------------------------


ืžืฉื ื” ื”


ื”ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ื ื›ืžืงื•ื” ื”ืขื™ื“ ืจื‘ื™ ืฆื“ื•ืง ืขืœ ื”ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ืฉืจื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืฉื”ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืฉืขืฉืืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ืกื•ืžืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืงืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืงื ื” ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ื‘ ื•ื–ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืจื“ ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ ื“ื‘ืจื™ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ื—ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื•


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื”ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ


ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื ื”ืจื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ, ื”ืจื™ ื”ืŸ ื›ืžืขื™ืŸ ื•ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืŸ


ื•ื”ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ื


ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื


ื›ืžืงื•ื”


ืœื˜ื”ืจ ื‘ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ืกืื” ื•ื‘ืืฉื‘ื•ืจืŸ


ืฉื”ื ื›ืฉืจื™ื


ื›ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ืŸ ืžื•ืขื˜ื™ื. ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ื˜ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ืŸ ืžืฉืœื™ืžื™ื ืœื”ื


ื•ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ื ืฉืขืฉืืŸ ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ


ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžืงื•ื” ืฉืคืจืฅ ืขืœ ืฉืคืชื• ื•ืžื™ืžื™ื• ื™ื•ืฆืื™ืŸ ื•ื–ื•ื—ืœื™ืŸ


ืกื•ืžืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืงืœ


ืื• ืงื ื”, ืื• ื–ื‘ ืื• ื–ื‘ื” ืกื•ืžื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื“ ืื• ื‘ืจื’ืœ ื•ืกื•ืชืžื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ืขื“ ืฉื™ืขืžื“ื• ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืื—ื“ ื•ื ืขืฉื™ื ืืฉื‘ื•ืจืŸ, ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ ื”ื˜ืžื ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ืœ


ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื•ืžืื”


ืœื ืžื™ื‘ืขื™ื ื–ื‘ ื•ื–ื‘ื” ืฉื”ืŸ ื˜ืžืื™ืŸ, ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืกืชื•ื ืžืงื•ื ื™ืฆื™ืืช ื”ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื™ื”ื ืื• ื‘ืจื’ืœื™ื”ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขืžื™ื“ ื”ืžื™ื ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืชืŸ ืืฉื‘ื•ืจืŸ, ืืœื ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื•ืžืื”


ืื™ืŸ ืžื–ื—ื™ืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื•


ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืื™ืŸ ืžืขืžื™ื“ื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื—ื™ืœื” ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืืฉื‘ื•ืจืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื˜ื‘ื•ืœ ื‘ื•. ื•ื˜ืขืžื ื“ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™, ื“ืืžืจ ืงืจื ืžืงื•ื” ืžื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื”ื•ื•ื™ื™ืชืŸ ืชื”ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื˜ื”ืจื”. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืกื™


Mikvaos5: 4
[ื“] ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึทืžึผึดื™ื ื›ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”, ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืžึทืจ: ,,ื•ึผืœึฐืžึดืงึฐื•ึตื” ื”ึทืžึผึทื™ึดื ืงึธืจึธื ื™ึทืžึผึดื™ืโ€œ; ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืžึตืึดื™ืจ. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื”ึทื™ึผึธื ื”ึทื’ึผึธื“ื•ึนืœ ื›ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”, ืœึนื ื ึถืึฑืžึทืจ ,,ื™ึทืžึผึดื™ืโ€œ ืึถืœึผึธื ืฉืึถื™ึผึถืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืžึดื™ื ึตื™ ื™ึทืžึผึดื™ื ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตื”. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื›ึผึธืœ ื”ึทื™ึผึทืžึผึดื™ื ืžึฐื˜ึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื–ื•ึนื—ึฒืœึดื™ืŸ, ื•ึผืคึฐืกื•ึผืœึดื™ืŸ ืœึทื–ึผึธื‘ึดื™ืŸ ื•ึฐืœึทืžึผึฐืฆึนืจึธืขึดื™ื ื•ึผืœึฐืงึทื“ึผึตืฉื ืžึตื”ึถื ืžึตื™ ื—ึทื˜ึผึธืืช.
4. All the seas are like a mikveh, as it is said: And the gathering [mikveh] of waters He called โ€˜โ€˜seasโ€™โ€™; [these are] the words of Rโ€™ Meir. Rโ€™ Yehudah says: [Only] the Great Sea is like a mikveh, [and] it says seas only because it contains many kinds of seas. Rโ€™ Yose says: All the seas can purify while flowing, but they are unfit for zavim and for metzoraim and for consecrating therefrom purification water.
Mikvaos5: 5
[ื”] ื”ึทื–ึผื•ึนื—ึฒืœึดื™ืŸ ื›ึผึทืžึผึทืขึฐื™ึธืŸ, ื•ึฐื”ึทื ึผื•ึนื˜ึฐืคึดื™ื ื›ึผึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”. ื”ึตืขึดื™ื“ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืฆึธื“ื•ึนืง ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื–ึผื•ึนื—ึฒืœึดื™ืŸ ืฉืึถืจึทื‘ึผื•ึผ ืขึทืœ ื”ึทื ึผื•ึนื˜ึฐืคึดื™ื, ืฉืึถื”ึตื ื›ึผึฐืฉืึตืจึดื™ื. ื•ึฐื ื•ึนื˜ึฐืคึดื™ื ืฉืึถืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืึธืŸ ื–ื•ึนื—ึฒืœึดื™ืŸ, ืกื•ึนืžึตืšึฐ ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืžึทืงึผึตืœ ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ืงึธื ึถื”, ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ื–ึธื‘ ื•ึฐื–ึธื‘ึธื”, (ื•ึฐ)ื™ื•ึนืจึตื“ ื•ึฐื˜ื•ึนื‘ึตืœ. ื“ึผึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื›ึผึธืœ ื“ึผึธื‘ึธืจ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืžึฐืงึทื‘ึผึตืœ ื˜ึปืžึฐืึธื” ืึตื™ืŸ ืžึทื–ึฐื—ึดื™ืœึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผื•ึน.
5. Flowing water is like a spring, and trickling water is like a mikveh. Rโ€™ Tzadok testified that when the flowing water is more than the trickling water, it is valid. And [if] trickling water was made to flow, it may be blocked even with a stick or even with a cane, [and] even by a zav or a zavah, and [then] one may go down and immerse oneself. [These are] the words of Rโ€™ Yehudah. Rโ€™ Yose says: One may not stop a flow with anything that is susceptible to tumah.

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