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Mikvaos 4:1-2
Rabbi Zvi Nussbaum

ืคืจืง ื“


ืžืฉื ื” ื


ื”ืžื ื™ื— ื›ืœื™ื ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ ืื—ื“ ื›ืœื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื™ื ื•ืื—ื“ ื›ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืœื™ ื’ืœืœื™ื ื›ืœื™ ืื‘ื ื™ื ื›ืœื™ ืื“ืžื” ืคื•ืกืœื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื” ืื—ื“ ื”ืžื ื™ื— ื•ืื—ื“ ื”ืฉื•ื›ื— ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื›ื— ืืžืจ ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ื ืžื ื• ื•ืจื‘ื• ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ืขืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ื•ืžื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ืฉื•ื›ื— ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืืžืจ ืจ' ื™ื•ืกื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื”ืžื ื™ื— ื›ืœื™ื ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ


ืžืจื–ื‘ ืฉืžื™ ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื“ืจืš ืคื™ื• ืœืžืงื•ื”. ื•ื”ื›ื ืžื™ื™ืจื™ ื‘ืฆื ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืขืฅ ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื—ืงืงื•, ื“ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ืจืช ื›ืœื™ ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืฉืงื‘ืขื•, ืืข"ืค ืฉื—ืงืงื• ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืŸ ืœื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ ื”ืžื™ื ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื• ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ื‘ื™ื, ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืชื•ืจืช ื›ืœื™ ืขืœื™ื• ื‘ืชืœื•ืฉ


ื•ืื—ื“ ื›ืœื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื


ื“ืœื ืชื™ืžื ื“ืœื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™


ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืœื™ ื’ืœืœื™ื


ื“ืœื ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขื ื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ืžืื”, ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืœื™ื ืœืคืกื•ืœ ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื ืฉื‘ืจื ืื• ื›ืคื” ืื•ืชื, ื“ืœื ื“ืžื™ ืœืžื ื™ื— ืงื ืงื ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื’ื’ ืœื ื’ื‘ืŸ


ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืžื˜ื”ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืฉื•ื›ื—


ื‘ืคืจืง ืงืžื ื“ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื’ืžืจื, ืžื•ืงืžื™ ืคืœื•ื’ืชื™ื™ื”ื• ื›ืฉื”ื ื™ื—ืŸ ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื‘ื™ื ื•ื ืชืคื–ืจื• ื•ืฉื›ื—ืŸ ื•ื—ื–ืจื• ื•ื ืชืงืฉืจื•, ื“ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ืกื‘ืจื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ืขื‘ื™ื ืœื ื ืชื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”, ื“ื’ืœื™ ื“ืขืชื™ื” ืฉืจืฆื” ืฉื™ืคืœื• ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ. ื•ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืกื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื•, ื“ื›ื™ ื ืชืคื–ืจื• ืืกื— ื“ืขืชื™ื”, ื“ืงืกื‘ืจ ืœื ื™ืจื“ื• ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืขื•ื“. ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื™ื—ืŸ ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ ืขื‘ื™ื ื•ืื™ื—ืจื• ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื•ื™ืฆื ืœืžืœืื›ืชื• ื•ืฉื›ื—ืŸ, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื”ื•ืื™ืœ ื•ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื›ืš ื ืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ืชื• ื‘ืฉื›ื—ืชื•. ื•ืื ื”ื ื™ื—ืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืช ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ืขื‘ื™ื, ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœ ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื, ืฉืœื ื ืชื›ื•ื™ืŸ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื›ืš


ื‘ืฉื›ื— ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจ


ื‘ื—ืฆืจ ืฉืœื ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ, ื•ื ืชืžืœืื• ืžืŸ ื”ื ื•ื˜ืคื™ืŸ ื•ื ืคืœื• ืœืžืงื•ื”. ื“ื“ื•ืงื ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ื“ืคืœื™ื’ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™, ื“ื’ืœื™ ื“ืขืชื™ื” ื“ืจืฆื” ืฉื™ืคืœื• ืœืชื•ื›ืŸ, ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืคื™ื–ื•ืจ ืœื ื‘ื˜ืœื” ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืงืžื™ื™ืชื. ืื‘ืœ ืžื ื™ื— ื‘ื—ืฆืจ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืขืช ืงื™ืฉื•ืจ, ืœื ืžื•ื›ื—ื ืžืขื™ืงืจื ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืงืžื™ื™ืชื ืฉืคื™ืจ, ื”ืœื›ืš ื‘ื˜ืœื” ื›ืฉื ืชืคื–ืจื•


ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื” ืขื•ืžื“ืช


ืฉืœื ืขืžื“ื• ืœืžื ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื›ืš ื•ืœื ืจื‘ื• ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™


-----------------------------------


ืžืฉื ื” ื‘


ื”ืžื ื™ื— ื˜ื‘ืœื ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ืคื•ืกืœืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื” ื•ืื ืœืื• ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืกืœืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื” ื–ืงืคื” ืœื™ื“ื•ื— ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ืš ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืกืœืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื”


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื”ืžื ื™ื— ื˜ื‘ืœื ืชื—ืช ื”ืฆื ื•ืจ


ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื”ืžื™ื ืœืžืงื•ื”


ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื–


ืฉืคื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ืžืืจื‘ืข ืจื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื”, ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื” ื‘ื™ืช ืงื™ื‘ื•ืœ


ืคื•ืกืœืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื”


ื“ื”ื•ื• ืœื”ื• ืžื™ื ืฉืื•ื‘ื™ื. ื•ืžืฉื•ื ืฆื ื•ืจ ืœื ื”ื•ื” ืžืคืกื•ืœ ืžืงื•ื”, ื“ืื™ื™ืจื™ ื‘ืฆื ื•ืจ ืฉืงื‘ืขื• ื•ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ ื—ืงืงื• ื›ื“ืคืจื™ืฉื™ืช


ื–ืงืคื” ืœื™ื“ื•ื—


ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืชื•ื“ื— ืžื˜ื ื•ืคืช ืฉื‘ื”


ืื™ื ื” ืคื•ืกืœืช ืืช ื”ืžืงื•ื”


ื“ืœื ืงื™ื™ืžื ื›ื“ืจืš ืงื‘ืœืชื”


Mikvaos4: 1
[ื] ื”ึทืžึผึทื ึผึดื™ื—ึท ื›ึผึตืœึดื™ื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฆึผึดื ึผื•ึนืจ โ€” ืึถื—ึธื“ ื›ึผึตืœึดื™ื ื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึนืœึดื™ื ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ื›ึผึตืœึดื™ื ืงึฐื˜ึทื ึผึดื™ื, ืึฒืคึดื™ืœึผื•ึผ ื›ึฐืœึตื™ ื’ึฐืœึธืœึดื™ื, ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ืึฒื‘ึธื ึดื™ื, ื›ึผึฐืœึตื™ ืึฒื“ึธืžึธื” โ€” ืคึผื•ึนืกึฐืœึดื™ืŸ ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”. ืึถื—ึธื“ ื”ึทืžึผึทื ึผึดื™ื—ึท ื•ึฐืึถื—ึธื“ ื”ึทืฉืึผื•ึนื›ึตื—ึท, ื›ึผึฐื“ึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื‘ึตื™ืช ืฉืึทืžึผึทืื™. ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืช ื”ึดืœึผึตืœ ืžึฐื˜ึทื”ึฒืจึดื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึนื›ึตื—ึท. โ€ƒืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืžึตืึดื™ืจ: ื ึดืžึฐื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืจึทื‘ึผื•ึผ ื‘ึตื™ืช ืฉืึทืžึผึทืื™ ืขึทืœ ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึดืœึผึตืœ. ื•ึผืžื•ึนื“ึดื™ื ื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึนื›ึตื—ึท ื‘ึผึถื—ึธืฆึตืจ, ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ. ืึธืžึทืจ ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ื•ึนืกึตื™: ืขึฒื“ึทื™ึดืŸ ืžึทื—ึฒืœึนืงึถืช ื‘ึผึดืžึฐืงื•ึนืžึธื”ึผ ืขื•ึนืžึถื“ึถืช.
1. [If] one placed vessels under a pipe โ€” whether large vessels or small vessels, even dungware [or] stoneware [or] mudware โ€” they disqualify a mikveh. Whether one placed [them] or one forgot [them], according to the words of Beis Shammai. Beis Hillel declare it tahor when he forgot [them]. Rโ€™ Meir said: They were counted and Beis Shammai outnumbered Beis Hillel. [However,] they agree that if he forgot [them] in a courtyard, it is tahor. Rโ€™ Yose said: The dispute still stands in its place.
Mikvaos4: 2
[ื‘] ื”ึทืžึผึทื ึผึดื™ื—ึท ื˜ึทื‘ึฐืœึธื ืชึผึทื—ึทืช ื”ึทืฆึผึดื ึผื•ึนืจ โ€” ืึดื ื™ึถืฉื ืœึธื”ึผ ืœึฐื‘ึทื–ึฐื‘ึผึตื–, ืคึผื•ึนืกึถืœึถืช ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”; ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึธืื•, ืึตื™ื ึธื”ึผ ืคึผื•ึนืกึถืœึถืช ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”. ื–ึฐืงึธืคึธื”ึผ ืœึดื“ึผื•ึนื—ึท, ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ื•ึผื‘ึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึธืšึฐ ืึตื™ื ึธื”ึผ ืคึผื•ึนืกึถืœึถืช ืึถืช ื”ึทืžึผึดืงึฐื•ึถื”.
2. [If] one placed a board under a pipe โ€” if it has a rim, it disqualifies a mikveh; if not, it does not disqualify a mikveh. [If, however,] he stood it upright to rinse it off, [then] in either case it does not disqualify a mikveh.

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