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Ohalos 15:8-9
Rabbi Akiva Tendler
Rabbi Akiva Tendler

ืžืฉื ื” ื—


ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืงื‘ืจ ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืชื•ื›ื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ื‘ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืžืื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœืœ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืืจื‘ืขื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื ืงื•ืจื” ืฉืขืฉืื” ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื•ื˜ื” ืขืœ ืฆื“ื” ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืžื ืืœื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคืชื— ืขืฉื” ืจืืฉื” ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ืžื ืืœื ืขื“ ืืจื‘ืขื” ื˜ืคื—ื™ื ื•ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื’ื•ื“ ืจ' ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ืื•ืžืจ ื›ื•ืœื” ื—ื‘ื•ืจ


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืงื‘ืจ


ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืžื•ืงืคืช ืžืืจื‘ืข ืจื•ื—ื•ืชื™ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืžืขืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืงื‘ืจื•ืช


ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื ื‘ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช


ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื”. ืื‘ืœ ืคื—ื•ืชื” ืžืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช, ื˜ืžื ื”ืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ื”. ื•ืื ืื™ืŸ ืฉื ืืœื ืฉืœืฉ ืžืขืจื•ืช ืžืฉืœืฉ ืจื•ื—ื•ืช ื•ืจื•ื— ืจื‘ื™ืขื™ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฆืจ ืคืชื•ื—ื” ืœืื•ื™ืจ ื”ืขื•ืœื, ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื ื• ืžืจื•ื—ืง ืžืคืชื— ื”ืžืขืจื” ืืœื ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื•ื, ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ืฉืœื ื™ื’ืข ืœืžืฉืงื•ืฃ ืฉืœ ืคืชื— ื”ืžืขืจื”. ื•ื”ื ื™ ืžื™ืœื™, ื—ืฆืจ ื”ืงื‘ืจ ื“ืžืกื™ื™ืžื ืžื—ื™ืฆืชื”, ืื‘ืœ ืžืช ื‘ืขืœืžื ืชื•ืคืก ืืจื‘ืข ืืžื•ืช ืœื˜ื•ืžืื”


ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ


ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืขืœ ืคืชื— ื”ืงื‘ืจ


ืืœื ื›ื ื’ื“ ื”ืคืชื—


ืฉืœ ื”ืงื‘ืจ. ื•ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื—ื•ืฅ ืœืงื‘ืจ, ื˜ื”ื•ืจ


ืขืฉื” ืจืืฉื” ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ


ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื™ื ืขื•ืžื“ืช ืขืœ ื”ืงื‘ืจ ื›ืžื• ืื™ืœืŸ. ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืžืžื ื” ื‘ืืจื‘ืข ื˜ืคื—ื™ื ืกืžื•ืš ืœืงื‘ืจ, ื˜ืžื ืžืฉื•ื ื’ื•ืœืœ, ื•ืžืืจื‘ืข ื•ืœืžืขืœื” ื˜ื”ื•ืจ


ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ืขืชื™ื“ ืœื’ื•ื“


ืœืงื•ืฅ. ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืœื ืงืฆืฅ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ. ืœื’ื•ื“, ื›ืžื• ื’ื•ื“ื• ืื™ืœื ื


ื›ื•ืœื” ื—ื™ื‘ื•ืจ


ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืœื ืงืฆืฅ, ื•ืืข"ืค ืฉืขืชื™ื“ ืœืงื•ืฅ. ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”


------------------------


ืžืฉื ื” ื˜


ื—ื‘ื™ืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืœื™ืื” ืžืฉืงื™ื ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื ื•ืžื•ืงืคืช ืฆืžื™ื“ ืคืชื™ืœ ื•ืขืฉืื” ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื” ื˜ืžื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืฉื‘ืขื” ื•ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื”ืžื” ืฉืขืฉืื” ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื” ื˜ืžื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืฉื‘ืขื” ืจ' ืžืื™ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ื ืื™ื ื• ืžื˜ืžื ืžืฉื•ื ื’ื•ืœืœ


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”


ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื ื’ื•ืœืœ


ื˜ืžื ื˜ื•ืžืืช ืฉื‘ืขื”


ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื›ืœ ืืฉืจ ื™ื’ืข ืขืœ ืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื“ื”, ืœืจื‘ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœ ื•ื“ื•ืคืง


ื•ื”ื—ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ืžืฉืงื™ืŸ ื˜ื”ื•ืจื™ื


ื“ื›ืœื™ ื—ืจืก ื”ืžื•ืงืฃ ืฆืžื™ื“ ืคืชื™ืœ ื˜ื”ื•ืจ ืžืœื™ื˜ืžื ื‘ืื•ื”ืœ ื”ืžืช, ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื›ืœ ื›ืœื™ ืคืชื•ื— ืืฉืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืžื™ื“ ืคืชื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื˜ืžื ื”ื•ื, ื”ื ื™ืฉ ืฆืžื™ื“ ืคืชื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื• ื˜ื”ื•ืจ, ื•ื‘ื›ืœื™ ื—ืจืก ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืื™ื ื• ืžืงื‘ืœ ื˜ื•ืžืื” ืžื’ื‘ื•


ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ ืื•ืžืจ ื•ื›ื•


ื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจื‘ื™ ืžืื™ืจ, ืืœื ืืข"ืค ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืš ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ืจื•ื— ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืžื˜ืžื, ื—ื•ืฅ ืžืื“ื, ืžื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ืžื˜ืžืื™ื ื”ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ื’ื•ืœืœ ื›ืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื”ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืœ ืœืงื‘ืจ


Ohalos15: 8
ื—ึฒืฆึทืจ ื”ึทืงึผึถื‘ึถืจ โ€” ื”ึธืขื•ึนืžึตื“ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ึธื”ึผ ื˜ึธื”ื•ึนืจ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึฐื”ึตื ื‘ึธื”ึผ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึทืข ืึทืžึผื•ึนืช, ื›ึผึฐื“ึดื‘ึฐืจึตื™ ื‘ึตื™ืช ืฉืึทืžึผึทืื™; ื‘ึผึตื™ืช ื”ึดืœึผึตืœ ืื•ึนืžึฐืจึดื™ื: ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ื˜ึฐืคึธื—ึดื™ื. ืงื•ึนืจึธื” ืฉืึถืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืึธื”ึผ ื’ึผื•ึนืœึตืœ ืœึทืงึผึถื‘ึถืจ, ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืขื•ึนืžึถื“ึถืช ื‘ึผึตื™ืŸ ืžึปื˜ึผึธื” ืขึทืœ ืฆึดื“ึผึธื”ึผ โ€” ืึตื™ืŸ ื˜ึธืžึตื ืึถืœึผึธื ื›ึฐื ึถื’ึถื“ ื”ึทืคึผึถืชึทื—. ืขึธืฉื‚ึธื” ืจึนืืฉืึธื”ึผ ื’ึผื•ึนืœึตืœ ืœึทืงึผึถื‘ึถืจ โ€” ืึตื™ืŸ ื˜ึธืžึตื ืึถืœึผึธื ืขึทื“ ืึทืจึฐื‘ึผึธืขึธื” ื˜ึฐืคึธื—ึดื™ื, ื•ึผื‘ึดื–ึฐืžึทืŸ ืฉืึถื”ื•ึผื ืขึธืชึดื™ื“ ืœึธื’ื•ึนื“; ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธื” ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื›ึผึปืœึผึธื”ึผ ื—ึดื‘ึผื•ึผืจ.
Someone who stands in the courtyard of a catacomb is tahor as long as it is four cu-bits, according to Beis Shammaiโ€™s opinion. Beis Hillel say: Four handbreadths. [If] a beam was used as a cover for a grave, whether it is standing upright or lying on its side, nothing becomes tamei except what is opposite the opening [of the grave]. [If] one end [of the beam] was made into a golel for a grave, only four hand-breadths of the beam become tamei, provided that the rest is going to be chopped off. Rโ€™ Yehudah says: It is all regarded as one unit.
Ohalos15: 9
ื—ึธื‘ึดื™ืช ืฉืึถื”ึดื™ื ืžึฐืœึตืึธื” ืžึทืฉืึฐืงึดื™ื ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ื ื•ึผืžึปืงึผึถืคึถืช ืฆึธืžึดื™ื“ ืคึผึธืชึดื™ืœ, ื•ึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืึธื”ึผ ื’ึผื•ึนืœึตืœ ืœึทืงึผึถื‘ึถืจ, ื”ึทื ึผื•ึนื’ึตืขึท ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ โ€” ื˜ึธืžึตื ื˜ึปืžึฐืึทืช ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื”, ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึธื‘ึดื™ืช ื•ึฐื”ึทืžึผึทืฉืึฐืงึดื™ืŸ ื˜ึฐื”ื•ึนืจึดื™ืŸ. ื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ืฉืึถืขึฒืฉื‚ึธืึธื”ึผ ื’ึผื•ึนืœึตืœ ืœึทืงึผึถื‘ึถืจ, ื”ึทื ึผื•ึนื’ึตืขึท ื‘ึผึธื”ึผ โ€” ื˜ึธืžึตื ื˜ึปืžึฐืึทืช ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธื”; ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืžึตืึดื™ืจ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื›ึผึนืœ ืฉืึถื™ึผึถืฉื ื‘ึผื•ึน ืจื•ึผื—ึท ื—ึทื™ึผึดื™ื โ€” ืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืžึฐื˜ึทืžึผึตื ืžึดืฉืึผื•ึผื ื’ึผื•ึนืœึตืœ.
Someone who touches a tightly sealed barrel full of tahor liquid that was made into a cover for a grave becomes tamei for seven [days]. [However,] the barrel and the liquid remain tahor. Someone who touches an animal used as a cover for a grave becomes tamei for seven days. Rโ€™ Meir says: A living being does not transmit tumah as a cover.

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