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Avodah Zarah 3:5
Avodah Zarah3: 5
הַגּוֹיִם הָעוֹבְדִים אֶת הֶהָרִים וְאֶת הַגְּבָעוֹת — הֵן מֻתָּרִים, וּמַה שֶּׁעֲלֵיהֶם אֲסוּרִים, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ”לֹא־תַחְמֹד כֶּסֶף וְזָהָב עֲלֵיהֶם וְלָקַחְתָּ”. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי אוֹמֵר: ”אֱלֹהֵיהֶם עַל־הֶהָרִים” — וְלֹא הֶהָרִים אֱלֹהֵיהֶם; ”אֱלֹהֵיהֶם . . . עַל־הַגְּבָעוֹת” — וְלֹא הַגְּבָעוֹת אֱלֹהֵיהֶם. וּמִפְּנֵי מָה אֲשֵׁרָה אֲסוּרָה? מִפְּנֵי שֶׁיֶּשׁ בָּהּ תְּפִיסַת יְדֵי אָדָם, וְכָל שֶׁיֶּשׁ בָּהּ תְּפִיסַת יְדֵי אָדָם — אָסוּר. אָמַר רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: אֲנִי אוֹבִין וְאָדוּן לְפָנֶיךָ: כָּל מָקוֹם שֶׁאַתָּה מוֹצֵא הַר גָּבוֹהַּ, וְגִבְעָה נִשָּׂאָה, וְעֵץ רַעֲנָן — דַּע שֶׁיֶּשׁ שָׁם עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה.
[If] gentiles worship mountains and hills —-they are permitted, but what is upon them is prohibited; as it says: You shall not covet the silver and gold that is upon them and take [it]. R’ Yose HaGlili says: Their gods upon the mountains, but not that the mountains are their gods; their gods upon the hills, but not that the hills are their gods. Then why is an asherah prohibited? Because it has been affected by human involvement, and anything which has been affected by human involvement becomes prohibited. Said R’ Akiva: I will expound and deliberate before you. Every place that you find a high mountain or a raised hill or a green tree, know that an idolatrous object is there.
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