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Shevuot 4:13
Shevuos4: 13
,,מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם”, ,,מְצַוֶּה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם”, ,,אוֹסֶרְכֶם אֲנִי” —הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ חַיָּבִין. ,,בַּשָּׁמַיִם וּבָאָרֶץ” — הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ פְטוּרִין. ,,בְּאָלֶ”ף דָּלֶ”ת”, ,,בְּיוּ”ד הֵ”א”, ,,בְּשַׁדַּי”, ,,בִּצְבָאוֹת”, ,,בְּחַנּוּן וְרַחוּם”, ,,בְּאֶרֶךְ אַפַּיִם וְרַב חֶסֶד”, וּבְכָל הַכִּנּוּיִין — הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ חַיָּבִין.
הַמְקַלֵּל בְּכֻלָּן — חַיָּב; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים פּוֹטְרִין.
הַמְקַלֵּל אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ בְּכֻלָּן — חַיָּב; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים פּוֹטְרִין.
הַמְקַלֵּל עַצְמוֹ וַחֲבֵרוֹ בְּכֻלָּן — עוֹבֵר בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה. ,,יַכְּכָה אֱלֹהִים”, ,,וְכֵן יַכְּכָה אֱלֹהִים” — זוֹ הִיא אָלָה הַכְּתוּבָה בַתּוֹרָה. ,,אַל יַכְּךָ”, ,,וִיבָרֶכְךָ”, וְ,,יֵיטִיב לְךְ” — רַבִּי מֵאִיר מְחַיֵּב, וַחֲכָמִים פּוֹטְרִין.
[If he says,] “I adjure you,” “I command you,” “I bind you” —- they are liable. “By heaven and earth” —- they are exempt. “By Aleph-dalet,” “by Yud-hei,” “by Shaddai,” “by Tzevaos,” “by the Gracious and the Compassionate,” “by the Slow to Anger and Abundant in Kindness,” or with any of the substitutes —- they are liable. Should one blaspheme any of them —- he is liable; [these are] the words of R' Meir. But the Sages exempt [him]. Should one curse his father or mother by any of them —- he is liable; [these are] the words of R' Meir. But the Sages exempt [him].
Should one curse himself or his neighbor by any of these —- he transgresses a negative commandment. “May God smite you,” [or] “So may God smite you” —- this is the curse written in the Torah. “May He not smite you,” or “May He bless you,” or “May He benefit you” —- R' Meir declares [him] liable, but the Sages exempt [him].
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