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Shevuos 2:5-3:1
Shevuos2: 5
רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר: "הַשֶּׁרֶץ . . . וְנֶעְלַם מִמֶּנּוּ”, עַל הֶעְלֵם שֶׁרֶץ חַיָּב, וְאֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַל הֶעְלֵם מִקְדָּשׁ. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר: ,,וְנֶעְלַם מִמֶּנּוּ וְהוּא טָמֵא”, עַל הֶעְלֵם טֻמְאָה חַיָּב, וְאֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַל הֶעְלֵם מִקְדָּשׁ. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר: ,,וְנֶעְלַם”, ,,וְנֶעְלַם”, שְׁתֵּי פְעָמִים, לְחַיֵּב עַל הֶעְלֵם טֻמְאָה וְעַל הֶעְלֵם מִקְדָּשׁ.
R' Eliezer says: A sheretz . . . and it escaped his awareness (Lev. 5:2) —- he is liable for forgetting the sheretz, but he is not liable for forgetting the Temple. R' Akiva says: And it escaped his awareness, and he was tamei (ibid.) —- he is liable for forgetting the tumah, but he is not liable for forgetting the Temple. R' Yishmael says: [The words] And it escaped his awareness, and it escaped his awareness (Lev. 5:23) [are stated] twice —- to make [one] liable both for forgetting the tumah and for forgetting the Temple.
Shevuos3: 1
שְׁבוּעוֹת שְׁתַּיִם שֶׁהֵן אַרְבַּע: ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁאֹכַל”, וְ,,שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל”; ,,שֶׁאָכַלְתִּי”, וְ,,שֶׁלֹּא אָכַלְתִּי”.
,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל”, וְאָכַל כָּל־שֶׁהוּא — חַיָּב; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. אָמְרוּ לוֹ לְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: הֵיכָן מָצִינוּ בְּאוֹכֵל כָּל־שֶׁהוּא שֶׁהוּא חַיָּב, שֶׁזֶּה חַיָּב? אָמַר לָהֶן רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא: וְכִי הֵיכָן מָצִינוּ בִּמְדַבֵּר וּמֵבִיא קָרְבָּן, שֶׁזֶּה מְדַבֵּר וּמֵבִיא קָרְבָּן?
,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל”, וְאָכַל וְשָׁתָה — אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא אֶחָת. ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁלֹּא אֹכַל וְשֶׁלֹּא אֶשְׁתֶּה”, וְאָכַל וְשָׁתָה — חַיָּב שְׁתָּיִם.
Oaths are of two [types], which are [in reality] four: “I swear that I will eat,” or “[I swear] that I will not eat”; “[I swear] that I ate,” or “[I swear] that I did not eat.''
[If he said,] “I swear that I will not eat,” and he ate a minute quantity —- he is liable; [these are] the words of R' Akiva. They said to R' Akiva: Where do we find that one who eats a minute quantity is liable, that this one should be liable? R' Akiva said to them: Where do we find one speaking and bringing a sacrifice, that this one speaks and brings a sacrifice?
“I swear that I will not eat,” and he ate and drank —- he is liable only once. [But if he said,] “I swear that I will not eat and that I will not drink,” and he ate and drank —- he is liable twice.
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