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Makkot 1:4
Makos1: 4
אֵין הָעֵדִים נַעֲשִׂים זוֹמְמִין עַד שֶׁיָּזֹמּוּ אֶת עַצְמָן. כֵּיצַד? אָמְרוּ: ,,מְעִידִין אָנוּ בְאִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי שֶׁהָרַג אֶת הַנֶּפֶשׁ”; אָמְרוּ לָהֶם: ,,הֵיאַךְ אַתֶּם מְעִידִין, שֶׁהֲרֵי נֶהֱרָג זֶה”, אוֹ ,,הַהוֹרֵג”, ,,הָיָה עִמָּנוּ אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם בְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי” — אֵין אֵלּוּ זוֹמְמִין. אֲבָל אָמְרוּ לָהֶם: ,,הֵיאַךְ אַתֶּם מְעִידִין, שֶׁהֲרֵי אַתֶּם הֱיִיתֶם עִמָּנוּ אוֹתוֹ הַיּוֹם בְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי” — הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ זוֹמְמִין, וְנֶהֱרָגִין עַל־פִּיהֶם.
The witnesses do not become zomemim unless they discredit them personally. How so? [If] they said, “We testify against so-and-so that he killed someone”; [and others] said to them, “How can you testify [so], when this murder victim,” or “this murderer,” “was with us on that day in such and such a place” —- these are not [considered] zomemim. But [if] they said to them, “How can you testify [so], when you were with us on that day in such and such a place,” these are [considered] zomemim, and they are executed by their testimony.
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