[If] a zav is supported by the bed and by the mizran, [it] transmits tumah to two and invalidates one, these are the words of R’ Meir. R’ Yose says: [If] a zav is supported by the bed and by the mizran, [the first] ten handbreadths [of the mizran] transmit tumah to two and invalidate one. [The part of the mizran] from ten [handbreadths] and outward transmits tumah to one and invalidates one. [If a zav] is supported by the mizran, from ten [handbreadths] and inward, it is tamei. From ten [handbreadths] and outward, it is tahor.

[If] a bed was tamei midras, and one wound a mizran around it, the entire [bed] is tamei midras. [If the mizran is] removed, [the bed itself] is tamei midras, and the mizran is [tamei due to] contact with a midras [hazav]. [If the bed] was tamei with seven-day tumah, and one wound a mizran around it, the entire [bed] is tamei with seven-day tumah. [If the mizran is] removed, [the bed itself] is tamei with seven-day tumah, and the mizran is tamei with evening-tumah. [If the bed] was tamei with evening-tumah, and one wound a mizran around it, the entire [bed] is tamei with evening-tumah. [If the mizran is] removed, [the bed itself] is tamei with evening-tumah, and the mizran is tahor.

[If] a bed was wound with a mizran, and a corpse touches them, they are tamei with seven-day tumah. [If] they separate [from each other], they are tamei with seven-day tumah. [If] a sheretz touches them, they are tamei with evening-tumah. [If] they separate [from each other], they are tamei with evening-tumah. [Regarding] a bed whose two long boards were removed, and one fashioned new [boards] for it, and he did not alter the notches, [if] the new [boards] broke, [the bed remains] tamei. But [if] the old [boards broke, the bed is] tahor, for everything depends on the old [boards].

A chest whose opening is on top [can become] tamei with corpse-tumah. If it became damaged at [its] top, it [can become] tamei with corpse-tumah. If it became damaged at [its] bottom, it is tahor. Its compartments are tamei and are not considered connected to it.

[R egarding] a shepherd’s pouch that became damaged, the pocket within it is tamei, and is not [considered] connected to it. [Regarding] a waterskin whose side pouches hold [liquid] together with it, and [those pouches] became damaged, they are tahor, because they do not accept [liquids] in the normal fashion.

A chest whose opening is on its side [can become] tamei with midras tumah and with corpse-tumah. R’ Yose says: When is this so? When it is not ten handbreadths high, and it has no rim [of] one handbreadth. If [the chest] became damaged at [its] top, it [can become] tamei with corpse-tumah. If it became damaged at [its] bottom, R’ Meir rules it tamei. But the Sages rule it tahor because [when] the primary [function of a utensil] is disabled, [its] secondary [function] is [considered] disabled [as well].

[Regarding] a mashpeles-container that became too damaged to hold pomegranates, R’ Meir rules it tamei. But the Sages rule it tahor, because [when] the primary [function of a utensil] is disabled, [its] secondary [function] is [considered] disabled [as well].

[Regarding] pillows, mattresses, sacks, and martzufin that became damaged, these [can become] tamei with midras [tumah]. A feed basket [with a capacity of] four kavs, a shepherd’s pouch [with a capacity of] five kavs, a kerisis [with a capacity of] a se’ah, a waterskin [with a capacity] of seven kavs, R’ Yehudah says: Also a spice bag and a traveler’s bag [of] any size, [all] these are susceptible to midras tumah. But [if] any of these become damaged, they are tahor, because the primary [function] is disabled, and the secondary [function] is disabled [as well].

A bagpipe is impervious to midras [tumah]. [Regarding] a trough of pisonos, Beis Shammai say: [It is susceptible to] midras [tumah]. But Beis Hillel say: It is [only susceptible to becoming] tamei with corpse-tumah. [Regarding] a trough [with a capacity of] between two logs and nine kavs that cracked, [it is susceptible to becoming] tamei with midras [tumah]. [If] one left it in the rain and it swelled, it is [susceptible to becoming] tamei with corpse-tumah. [If he then placed it] in the east wind and it developed a crack, it is susceptible to midras [tumah]. This is a stringency [that applies] to the remnant of wooden utensils over the original [utensil]. And a stringency [that applies] to the remnants of wicker utensils over the original [utensil is] that originally they are not susceptible to tumah until their [rims are] secured. But after their [rims are] secured, even though their rims fell away, [if only] the smallest amount [of the rims remain] they are tamei.

[Regarding] a stick that one made [into] a handle for an ax, [it is considered] connected [with regard] to tumah while in use. [Regarding] a diyustar, [it is considered] con- nected [with regard] to tumah while in use. [If] one set it into a post, it is tamei, but it is not [considered] connected to [the post]. [If] one made it a diyustar, only that [part which] it needs is tamei. [Regarding] a chair that one set into a post, it is tamei, but it is not [considered] connected to it. [If] one made it a chair, only its place is tamei. [If] he attached it to the beam of an olive press it is tamei, but it is not [considered] connected to it. [If] one made a chair at the top of the beam, it is tahor, because [people] say to him, “Stand up, so that we may do our work.”

[Regarding] a large trough that was [too] damaged to hold pomegranates, and one prepared it to sit on, R’ Akiva rules it tamei. But the Sages rule it tahor until one cuts [it]. [If] he made it into a manger, even if he set it in a wall, it is tamei.

[Regarding] a block that one set in a row of bricks, [whether] he set it [in the wall] but did not build on it, [or] he built on it but did not set it [into the wall], it is tamei. [But if] he set it [in the wall] and built on it, it is tahor. [Regarding] a mat that one placed over the [ceiling] beams, [whether] he attached it [to the beams] but did not lay plaster over it, [or] he laid plaster over it but did not attach it [to the beams], it is tamei. [But if] he attached it and laid plaster over it, it is tahor. [Regarding] a plate that one attached to a bin, a chest, or a cabinet, [if it was attached] in the way that it receives, it is tamei. [But if it was attached] not in the way that it receives, it is tahor.

[Regarding] a sheet that is [susceptible to becoming] tamei with midras [tumah] and one made it into a curtain, it is impervious to midras [tumah], but it is [susceptible to becoming] tamei with corpse-tumah. From when does it become tahor? Beis Shammai say: From when it is broken. Beis Hillel say: From when it is tied. R’ Akiva says: When it is attached.

A mat in which one placed reed [stalks] along its length is tahor. But the Sages say: Only if [the stalks] are laid similar to the shape of a ki. [If] he placed [the reed stalks] along [the mat’s] width but there are not four handbreadths between one reed and the next, it is tahor. [If] it split in its width, R’ Yehudah rules it tahor. And similarly, if one unties the end knots, it is tahor. [If] it split in its length and three end knots remained of six handbreadths, it is tamei. From when does a mat become susceptible to tumah? From when it is trimmed, and this [represents] the completion of its manufacture.