[The law of] ‘‘it and its offspring’’ applies both in the Land [of Israel] and outside the Land, when the Temple exists and when the Temple does not exist, to unconsecrated animals and to consecrated animals. How so? [If] one slaughters ‘‘it and its offspring’’ which are: 1) unconsecrated animals outside [the Temple confines], both of them are fit, and the second one incurs forty lashes; 2) consecrated animals outside — the first one is liable to kares, and both are unfit, and both incur forty lashes; 3) unconsecrated animals inside — both are unfit, and the second one incurs forty lashes; 4) consecrated animals inside — the first one is fit and he is exempt, and the second one incurs forty lashes and it is unfit.

5) Unconsecrated and consecrated animals outside — the first one is fit and he is exempt, and the second one incurs forty lashes and it is unfit; 6) consecrated and unconsecrated animals outside — the first one is liable to kares and it is unfit, and the second one is fit, and both incur forty lashes; 7) unconsecrated and consecrated animals inside — both are unfit, and the second one incurs forty lashes; 8) consecrated and unconsecrated animals inside — the first one is fit and he is exempt, and the second one incurs forty lashes and it is unfit; 9) unconsecrated animals outside and inside — the first one is fit and he is exempt, and the second one incurs forty lashes and it is unfit; 10) consecrated animals outside and inside — the first one is liable to kares, and both are unfit, and both incur forty lashes; 11) unconsecrated animals inside and outside — the first one is unfit and he is exempt, and the second one incurs forty lashes and it is fit; 12) consecrated animals inside and outside — the first one is fit and he is exempt, and the second one incurs forty lashes and it is unfit.

[If] one slaughters [an animal], and it is found [to be] a treifah, [if] one slaughters for idolatry, or [if] one slaughters a cow used for purification, or a bull sentenced to stoning, or a heifer that is to be decapitated — R’ Shimon exempts him, but the Sages declare him liable. [If] one slaughters [an animal] and it became a neveilah through his hand, or [if] he pierces the nostrils or tears out the throat organs, he is exempt from the law of ‘‘it and its offspring.’’ [If] two [persons] bought a cow and its offspring, whoever bought first may slaughter first, but if the second one preceded him, he has gained the advantage. [If] one slaughtered a cow and afterwards its two offspring, he incurs eighty lashes. [If] he slaughtered its two offspring and afterwards he slaughtered it, he incurs forty lashes. [If] he slaughtered it and its daughter and its daughter’s daughter, he incurs eighty lashes. [If] he slaughtered it and its daughter’s daughter, and afterwards he slaughtered its daughter, he incurs forty lashes. Sumchos says in the name of R’ Meir: He incurs eighty lashes. On four occasions during the year, one who sells an animal to his fellow must inform him, ‘‘I sold its mother for slaughtering,’’ [or] ‘‘I sold its daughter for slaughtering.’’ They are the following: the eve of the last day of the [Succos] festival, the eve of the first day of Pesach, the eve of Shavuos, and the eve of Rosh Hashanah, and according to R’ Yose HaGlili also the eve of Yom Kippur in Galilee. Said R’ Yehudah: When? When he has no time, but if he has time he need not inform him. But R’ Yehudah agrees that if he sells the mother to the bridegroom and the daughter to the bride, that he must inform — it is known definitely that both will slaughter on the same day.

On these four occasions, we compel the butcher to slaughter [an animal] against his will; even if the bull is worth a thousand dinars and the purchaser has only one dinar[’s worth], we compel him to slaughter. Therefore, if it dies, it dies for the purchaser. But the rest of the year, it is not so; therefore, if it dies, it dies for the seller.

‘‘One day’’ that is mentioned in connection with ‘‘it and its offspring’’ [means that] the day follows the night. This is what Shimon ben Zoma expounded: ‘‘One day’’ is mentioned in the account of the Creation (Gen. 1:5), and ‘‘one day’’ is mentioned in connection with ‘‘it and its offspring’’ (Lev. 22:28). Just as in the ‘‘one day’’ mentioned in the account of the Creation, the day follows the night, so too in the ‘‘one day’’ mentioned in connection with ‘‘it and its offspring,’’ the day follows the night.

[The commandment of] covering the blood applies [both] in the Land and outside the Land, when the Temple exists and when the Temple does not exist, to unconsecrated animals but not to consecrated ones. It applies to beast and fowl, whether they are at one’s disposal or not, and it applies to a koy because it is a doubtful case; but we may not slaughter it on Yom Tov, and if one slaughtered it, we may not cover its blood.

[If] one slaughters and it is found [to be] a treifah, or [if] one slaughters for idolatry, or [if] one slaughters unconsecrated animals inside [the Temple Courtyard] or consecrated ones outside, [or if one slaughters] a beast or fowl sentenced to stoning — R’ Meir declares him obligated [to cover the blood], but the Sages exempt [him]. [If] he slaughtered [it] and it became a neveilah through his hand, [or if] he pierced its nostrils or tore out the throat organs, he is exempt from covering [the blood].

[If] a deaf-mute, a mentally deranged person, or a minor slaughtered with others observing them, one is required to cover [the blood]; by themselves, he is exempt from covering [the blood]. Likewise, in the matter of ‘‘it and its offspring,’’ [if] they slaughtered with others observing them, it is forbidden to slaughter after them; by themselves — R’ Meir permits slaughtering after them, but the Sages prohibit [it]. They agree, however, that if one slaughtered, he does not incur forty lashes.

[If] one slaughtered a hundred beasts in one place, one covering [suffices] for them all. A hundred fowl in one place, one covering [suffices] for them all. A beast and a fowl in one place, one covering [suffices] for them all. R’ Yehudah says: [If] he slaughtered a beast, he must cover it[s blood], and afterwards slaughter the fowl. [If] he slaughtered and did not cover [the blood], and someone else saw it, he is required to cover it. [If] he covered it and it became uncovered, he is exempt from covering [it]. [If] the wind covered it, he is required to cover [it].

[If] blood mixed with water — if it has the color of blood, he is required to cover [it]. [If] it mixed with wine, we view it as if it were water. [If] it mixed with the blood of an animal or with the blood of a beast, we view it as if it were water. R’ Yehudah says: Blood cannot nullify blood.