These are the ones who are stoned: one who cohabits with his mother, or his father’s wife, or [his] daughter-in-law, or with a male, or an animal, or a woman who brings an animal [upon herself]; a blasphemer, an idolater, one who offers of his children to Molech, a practitioner of Ov or a Yidoni; one who desecrates the Sabbath; one who curses his father or mother; one who cohabits with a betrothed naarah; one who instigates [an individual to idolatry], one who leads astray [an entire town], a sorcerer, and a ben sorer umoreh.  One who cohabits with [his] mother is liable for [having transgressed the prohibitions of] a mother and a father’s wife. R’ Yehudah says: He is liable only for a mother. One who cohabits with his fa-ther’s wife is liable for a father’s wife and for adultery, both during his father’s lifetime and after his death, whether she was betrothed or married. One who cohabits with his daughter-in-law is liable for his daughter-in-law and for adultery, both during his son’s lifetime and after his death, whether she was betrothed or married.  One who cohabits with [another] man, or an animal, and a woman who brings an animal [upon herself]: If the person sinned, what did the animal sin? But because a person came to disaster through it, Scripture said that it should be stoned. In addition, so that it should not occur that the animal passes in the street and people say, “This is the one through whom so-and-so was stoned.”

The blasphemer is not liable unless he utters the [Divine] Name. Said R’ Yehoshua ben Karchah: Each day they examine the witnesses by means of a pseudonym —- “May Yose smite Yose.” [When] the case is completed, they may not kill [based] upon a pseudonym. Rather, they send everyone out and ask the most eminent of them and say to him, “State explicitly what you heard,” and he says [it]. The judges stand on their feet and rend [their garments] and do not repair [them]. The second says: I too [heard] as he did; and the third says: I too [heard] as he did.

The idolater [is liable] whether he serves, slaughters, burns [an offering], pours a libation, bows down, accepts it upon him-self as a deity, or says to it, “You are my god.” However, one who embraces, kisses, sweeps, sprinkles, washes, anoints, clothes, or shoes [it] transgresses a negative commandment. One who vows in its name or upholds in its name transgresses a negative commandment. Defecating to Baal Peor —- this is its service. Throwing a stone at Markolis —- this is its service.

One who gives of his children to Molech is not liable unless he hands [him] over to Molech and passes [him] through the fire. [If] he hands [him] over to Molech but does not pass [him] over the fire, [or] he passes [him] over the fire but does not hand [him] over to Molech, he is not liable —- unless he hands [him] over to Molech and passes [him] over the fire. A practitioner of Ov is a necromancer who speaks from his armpit, and a Yidoni is one who speaks through his mouth. These receive stoning, and one who inquires of them [transgresses] a prohibition.

One who desecrates the Sabbath [is] with something which is punishable by kares if done intentionally and obligates a sin-offering if done inadvertently.  One who curses his father or mother is not liable unless he curses them with the Name of Hashem. [If] he cursed them with a secondary Name, R’ Meir holds [him] liable, but the Sages acquit [him].

One who cohabits with a betrothed naarah is not liable unless she is a naarah, a virgin, betrothed, and still in her father’s house. [If] two men cohabited with her, the first is stoned and the second is strangled.

An instigator [to idolatry] —- is a common person who instigates a common person: He says to him: “There is a deity in such and such a place; thus it eats; thus it drinks; thus it benefits; thus it does harm.”  We do not conceal witnesses [to entrap] anyone punishable by death according to Torah law except for this one. [If] he spoke to two, and they are his wit-nesses, they bring him to court and stone him. [If] he spoke to one, he says, “I have friends who desire this.” If he is clever and [says that] he is unable to speak before them, they conceal wit- nesses behind a partition, and he says to him, “Say that which you said to me, in private.” The other says [it] to him, to which he replies, “How can we abandon our God in heaven and go and worship wood and stones?” If he retracts, it is good. If he says, “This is our obligation; it is proper for us,” those standing behind the partition bring him to court and stone him.  [Included in this is] anyone who says: I shall serve, I shall go and serve, let us go and serve; I shall slaughter [an offering], I shall go and slaughter [an offering], let us go and slaughter [an offering]; I shall burn [an offering], I shall go and burn [an offering], let us go and burn [an offering]; I shall pour a libation, I shall go and pour a libation, let us go and pour a libation; I shall bow down, I shall go and bow down, let us go and bow down. One who leads astray is one who says, “Let us go and serve idols.”

A sorcerer who performs a deed is liable, but not one who creates illusions. R’ Akiva says in the name of R’ Yehoshua: Two [people may] gather cucumbers —- one [of them] gathers [and] is exempt while [the other] one gathers [and] is liable. The one who performs a deed is liable; the one who creates an illusion is exempt.

A ben sorer u’moreh —- when does he become a ben sorer u’moreh? From when he produces two hairs until his beard grows around —- the lower, not the upper; but the Sages employed delicate terminology —- as it is written: If a man shall have a son —- a son and not a daughter; a son and not a man. A minor is exempt because he has not entered the realm of commandments.

When is he liable? When he eats a tartemar of meat and drinks a half-log of Italian wine. R’ Yose says: A maneh of meat and a log of wine. [If] he ate at a gathering for a mitzvah, [or] he ate at the [meal for the] intercalation of the month; [or] he ate maaser sheni in Jerusalem; [or] he ate neveilos or tereifos, [or] abominable or creeping animals; [(or) he ate tevel, (or) maaser rishon from which its terumah had not been taken, or maaser sheni or hekdesh which had not been redeemed;] [or] he ate something which is a mitzvah or something which is a transgression; [or] he ate any food but meat; or he drank any beverage other than wine —- he does not become a ben sorer u’moreh, unless he eats meat and drinks wine, as it says: He is a glutton and a drunkard. Although there is no proof to the matter, [there is] an indication to the matter, as it says: Be not among wine bibers and gluttonous eaters of meat.

[If] he stole from his father and ate in his father’s domain; [or] from others and he ate in the domain of others; [or] from others and he ate in his father’s domain —- he does not become a ben sorer u’moreh —- unless he steals from his father and eats in the domain of others. R’ Yose the son of R’ Yehudah says: Unless he steals from his father and his mother.