[If] one rented a house for the year, [and] a leap year was declared, it was declared for the tenant. [If] he rented it to him by the month, [and] a leap year was declared, it was declared for the landlord. It happened in Tzippori that one rented a bath-house from another for “twelve gold [dinars] for a year, at [the rate of] one gold dinar per month.” The incident was brought before Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel and before R’ Yose, and they said: Let them divide the additional month.

[If] one rented a house to another, and it collapsed, he is required to provide him with a house. [If] it was small, he may not make it large; [if it was] large, he may not make it small; [if it was] one, he may not make it two; [if it was] two, he may not make it one; [and] he may not decrease the [number of] windows, nor may he add to them —- except by common agreement.

[If] one leases a field from another —- where it is customary to cut [the crops], he must cut; to uproot, he must uproot; to plow afterwards, he must plow; all according to local practice. Just as they share the grain, so they share the stubble and the straw; just as they share the wine, so they share the branches and the canes; and both of them provide the canes.

[If] one leases a field from another, and it is an irrigated field or a field containing a tree —- [if] the spring dried up or the tree was felled, he may not deduct from his rent. If he said to him: “Lease me this irrigated field,” or “this field containing a tree,” [then if] the spring dried up or the tree was cut down, he may deduct from his rent.

[If] one leased a field from another, and left it fallow —- we assess how much it was fit to yield, and he [must] give [it] to him. For so he writes to him: “If I leave it fallow or do not till it, I will pay of the best.”

[If] one leased a field from another and he did not wish to weed [it], and he says to him: “What concern is it of yours, since I am paying you its rental?” We do not listen to him, since he can say to him: “Tomorrow you will withdraw from it, and it will grow weeds for me.”

[If] one leased a field from another and it did not produce —- if there is enough in it to put up a heap, he is obligated to cultivate it. Said R’ Yehudah: What kind of measure is a heap? Rather, if there is as much as was sown.

[If] one leased a field from another, and locusts devoured it or it was swept by storm —- if it is a widespread calamity, he may deduct from his rent; if it is not a widespread calamity, he may not deduct from his rent. R’ Yehudah says: If he leased it from him for money, in either case, he may not deduct from his rent.

[If] one leased a field from another for ten kors of wheat per year, [and] it was struck, he may pay him out of it. [If] its wheat was superior, he may not say to him: “I will buy from the market,” but he must give him out of it.

[If] one leased a field from another to sow barley in it, he may not sow it [with] wheat; wheat —- he may sow it [with] barley. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel prohibits [it]. Grain —- he may not sow it [with] beans; beans —- he may sow [it] with grain. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel prohibits [it].

[If] one leased a field from another for a few years, he may not sow it [with] flax, and he has no right to the beams of the sycamore. [If] he leased it from him for seven years, the first year he may sow it [with] flax, and he has the right to the beams of the sycamore.

[If] one leased a field from another for one septenary for seven hundred zuz, the Shemittah year is counted. [If] he leased it from him for seven years for seven hundred zuz, the Shemittah year is not counted.

One who is hired for the day collects [his wages] all night. One who is hired for the night collects all day. One who is hired for [several] hours collects all night or all day. One who is hired for a week, a month, a year, [or] a septenary —- [if] he departs by day, he collects all [that] day; [if] he departs at night, he collects all [that] night and [the following] day.

Whether it be the hire of a man, the hire of a beast, or the hire of utensils, [the law:] “On his day you shall give his wages” (Deut. 24:15) applies, as well as [the law:] “The wage of a hired worker shall not stay over with you until morning” (Lev. 19:13). When? When he claimed it; [but if] he did not claim it, he does not transgress it. [If] he gave him a draft on a store-keeper or a money changer, he does not transgress it.  [If] a hired worker [claims his wage] when it is due, he may swear and take [it]; [if] his time has passed, he may not swear and take [it]. If there are witnesses that he demanded [it] of him, he may swear and take [it].  [As for] a resident alien —- [the law:] “On his day you shall give his wages” applies to him, but [the law:] “The wage of a hired worker shall not stay over with you until morning” does not apply to him.

One who lends his neighbor may not exact security from him except in court; nor may he enter his house to take his security, as it is said (Deut. 24:11): “You shall stand outside.” [If] he has two utensils, he may take one and leave one; and he must re-turn the pillow by night and the plowshare by day. If he dies, he need not return [it] to the heirs. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says: Even to [the debtor] himself he need only return [it] up to thirty days. After thirty days, he sells them in court.  We may not exact security [from] a widow, whether she be poor or rich, as it is said (ibid: 17): “And you shall not take as se-curity the garment of a widow.”  One who takes a mill as security transgresses a negative commandment; and he is guilty of [taking] two utensils, as it is said (ibid: 6): “He shall not take a lower millstone or an upper millstone as security.” They did not speak only of the lower millstone and the upper millstone, but [of] anything with which food for human consumption is prepared, as it is said (ibid.): “for he takes away a life as security.”