[If] two tam bulls wounded one another, [their owners] pay half the excess. [If] both are muadin, they pay the full excess. [If] one is tam and the other muad, [that which] the muad [injured] the tam, [its owner] pays the full excess; [that which] the tam [injured] the muad [its owner] pays half the excess.  Likewise [if] two men wounded one another, they pay the full excess. [If] a man [injured] a muad [animal] and the muad [injured] the man, he pays the full excess. [If] a man [injured] a tam, and the tam [injured] the man, [that which] the man [injured] the tam, he pays the full excess; [that which] the tam [injured] the man, [its owner] pays half the excess. R' Akiva says: Also [if] a tam wounded a man, [its owner] pays the full excess.

[If] a bull worth a maneh gores a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth nothing, he takes the bull.  [If] a bull worth two hundred gores a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth nothing —- said R' Meir: Regarding this it is said (Exodus 21:35): They shall sell the live bull and divide the money of it. Said R' Yehudah to him: Indeed, so is the halachah. You have fulfilled: They shall sell the live bull and divide the money of it, but you have not fulfilled: and also divide the dead one. Which one is that? That is a bull worth two hundred that gored a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth fifty zuz, in which case this one takes half the live one and half the dead one, and that one takes half the live one and half the dead one.

Sometimes one is liable for the deed of his bull and exempt for his own deed; [sometimes he is] exempt for the deed of his bull and liable for his own deed.  [If] his bull embarrassed [someone], he is exempt; but if he embarrassed [someone], he is liable. [If] his bull blinded his slave's eye or knocked out his tooth, he is exempt; but if he blinded his slave's eye or knocked out his tooth, he is liable.  [If] his bull wounded his father or his mother, he is liable; but [if] he wounded his father or his mother, he is exempt. [If] his bull ignited a stack of grain on the Sabbath, he is liable; but [if] he ignited a stack of grain on the Sabbath, he is exempt, because he is liable for his life.

[If] one bull was chasing another bull, and it was injured; [and] this one says: “Your bull injured [it],” and that one says: “Not so; it hurt itself on a rock,” the [burden of] proof lies on the one who seeks to exact [something] from the other.  [If] two were chasing one —- this one says: “Your bull injured [it],” and that one says: “Your bull injured [it],” both are exempt. If both belonged to one man, both are liable. [If] one was large and one small, [and] the damagee says: “Not so; the small one injured [it];” [or if] one was a tam and one a muad, [and] the damagee says: “The muad injured [it],” and the damager says: “Not so; the tam injured [it],” the [burden of] proof lies on the one who seeks to exact [something] from the other.  [If] the injured ones were two —- one large and one small —- and the damagers were two —- one large and one small —- [and] the damagee says: “The large one injured the large one, and the small one [injured] the small one,” and the damager says: “Not so; the small one [injured] the large one, and the large one the small one;” [or if] one was a tam and one was a muad, [and] the damagee says: “The muad injured the large one, and the tam the small one,” and the damager says: “Not so; the tam [injured] the large one, and the muad the small one” —- the [burden of] proof lies on the one who seeks to exact [something] from the other.

[If] a bull gores four or five bulls —- one after the other —- [its owner] shall pay the last of them. If there is an excess in it, he shall return [it] to the one before him; if there is an excess in it, he shall return [it] to the one before that one. The later the in-jury, the more the advantage —- [these are] the words of R' Meir.  R' Shimon says: [If] a bull worth two hundred gores a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth nothing, this one takes a maneh, and this one takes a maneh. [If] it goes and gores another bull worth two hundred, the last one takes a hundred; [as for] those preceding him, this one takes a hundred; [as for] those preceding him, this one takes fifty zuz, and this one takes fifty zuz. [If] it goes and gores another bull worth two hundred, the last one takes a maneh; the one before him, fifty zuz; and the first two, a golden dinar [each].

[If] a bull is a muad toward its kind, but not a muad toward those not of its kind; a muad toward man, but not a muad toward beasts; [or] a muad toward small ones, but not a muad toward large ones —- [for] those toward which it is a muad, [its owner] pays the full damages; [for] those toward which it is not a muad, he pays half the damages.  They said before R' Yehudah: [What] if it was a muad for Sabbaths, and not a muad for weekdays? He said to them: For Sabbaths he pays the full damages; for weekdays he pays half the damages. When does it become a tam? When it refrains for three Sabbath days.

[If] a bull of a Jew gores a bull consecrated to the Temple, or [if] a bull consecrated to the Temple gores a bull of a Jew, [its owner] is exempt, as it is said (Exodus 21:35): another's bull, but not a bull consecrated to the Temple.  [If] a bull of a Jew gores a bull of a gentile, [the Jew] is exempt; but [if a bull] of a gentile gores a bull of a Jew —- whether [it be] a tam or a muad —- [the gentile] pays the full damages.

[If] the bull of a person of sound mind gores the bull of a deaf-mute, a mentally deranged person, or a minor, [its owner] is lia-ble. But [if the bull] of a deaf-mute, a mentally deranged person, or a minor gores the bull of a person of sound mind, [its owner] is exempt.  [If] the bull of a deaf-mute, a mentally deranged person, or a minor gores, the court appoints for them an administrator, and they forewarn them in the presence of the administrator.  [If] the deaf-mute gains his senses, the mentally deranged person becomes sane, or the minor becomes of age, [the bull] reverts to its status of tam; this is R' Me-ir's view. R' Yose says: It remains in its present state.  A bull from the arena is not liable to death, as it is said (Exodus 21:28): If [a bull] gores, but not that it should be made to gore.