A person may say to his friend, ‘‘Fill up this vessel for me,’’ but not with a measure. R’ Yehudah says: If it is measuring vessel, he may not fill it. It happened that Abba Shaul ben Batnis filled his measures before Yom Tov and gave them to his customers on Yom Tov. Abba Shaul says: Even during Chol HaMoed he did so, for the correctness of the measures. The Sages say: Even on weekdays he did so, to drain the measures. A person may go to a shopkeeper with whom he is familiar, and say to him, ‘‘Give me a number of eggs or nuts,’’ for this is the mode of a private person to count off in his home.

One who carries pitchers of wine from place to place may not carry them in a basket or in a hamper, but he may carry [them] upon his shoulder or in front of himself. Similarly, one who transports straw may not lower the hamper upon his back, but he may carry it in his hand. We may begin using a stack of straw, but not wood which is in the backyard.

We may not detach wood from a hut, except for what adjoins it. We may carry in wood from a field from that which has been gathered; but from an enclosure, even from what is scattered. Which is [considered] an enclosure? Whichever is near to the town; [these are] the words of R’ Yehudah. R’ Yose says: Whichever they must enter with a key, even when it is [just] within the Sabbath boundary.

We may not split wood, neither from beams, nor from a beam which was broken on Yom Tov. Nor may we split with an ax, a saw, or a sickle, with a kophitz. [If] a room that is full of produce was sealed but is broken into, one may take from the place where the room is broken into. R’ Meir says: One may even break in initially and take.

We may not hollow out a lamp, because one [thereby] makes a vessel. Nor may we make charcoal on Yom Tov. Nor may we cut a wick in two. R’ Yehudah says: One may cut it with a flame for two lamps.

We may not break a shard nor cut a [piece of] paper to roast salted fish on it. Nor may we rake out an oven or a double stove, but we may level [it]. Nor may we position two barrels near each other [in order] to set a pot upon them. Nor may we support a pot with a piece of wood, and the same applies to a door. We may not drive an animal with a stick on Yom Tov. But R’ Elazar ben R’ Shimon permits [this].

R’ Eliezer says: A person may take a sliver from that which is before him in order to clean his teeth, and one may gather [hay or splinters] from the courtyard and kindle [a fire], because everything which is in the courtyard is considered prepared. But the Sages say: One may gather from that which is before him and kindle.

We may not produce fire, neither from wood, nor from stones, nor from earth, nor from water. Nor may we heat tiles in order to roast upon them. And R’ Eliezer said yet another thing: A person may stand next to [foodstuffs that are] muktzeh on Friday during the sabbatical year, and say, ‘‘From here I will eat tomorrow.’’ But the Sages say: Only if he marks it off and says, ‘‘From here to here [I will eat].’’

We may lower produce through a skylight on Yom Tov, but not on the Sabbath. We may cover produce with cloths [to guard] against dripping water, and also pitchers of wine and pitchers of oil, and we may put a vessel under the dripping water on the Sabbath.

Any activity [from] which one is obliged [to abstain] because of a Rabbinical injunction, [even] if it is a nonmandatory mitzvah, [or even] if it is a mitzvah — on the Sabbath, one is [also] obliged [to abstain from it] on Yom Tov. These are [to be abstained from] because of a Rabbinical injunction: We may not ascend a tree, nor ride upon an animal, nor swim on the water, nor clap hands, nor slap thighs, nor dance. These are nonmandatory mitzvos: We may not adjudicate, nor betroth, nor perform chalitzah, nor perform levirate marriage. And these are mitzvos: We may not consecrate, nor make assessment vows, nor make a cherem, nor separate terumah and tithes. All these were promulgated regarding Yom Tov, surely they apply to the Sabbath. There is no difference between Yom Tov and the Sabbath except [in laws pertaining to] food preparation.

Animals and utensils are as the feet of the[ir] owners. [If] one entrusts his animals to his son or to a shepherd, they are as the feet of the[ir] owners. Utensils which are reserved for one of the brothers in the house are as his feet. But those which are not reserved are to be carried only in the area where they [all] may go.

[If] one borrows a utensil from his friend on the day before Yom Tov, [it is] as the feet of the borrower; if on Yom Tov, [it is] as the feet of the lender. [If] a woman borrowed from her friend spices, water and salt for her dough, they are as the feet of both. R’ Yehudah exempts water, because it has no substance.

The burning coal is as the feet of its owner, but a flame can be taken everywhere. [Using] a coal belonging to the Temple incurs a me’ilah sacrifice; but concerning a flame, we may not use it, yet we do not incur a me’ilah sacrifice. One who takes a coal out [of a private domain] to a public domain incurs a sin offering; but if [one carries out] a flame, he is exempt. [The water in] a pit belonging to a private individual is as the feet of that individual; [the water in] one belonging to the people of that town is as the feet of the people of that town; but [the water in] those [set aside] for the Babylonian pilgrims is as the feet of the one who draws [the water].

[If] one’s produce was in another town, and the people of that town made an eruv [in order] to bring some of his produce to him, they may not bring [the produce] to him. But if he made an eruv, his produce is as himself.

[If] one invited guests, they may not take portions with them, unless he had given them possession of their portions before Yom Tov. We may neither water nor slaughter range animals, but we may water and slaughter domesticated animals. These are [considered] domesticated — those that pass the night in the town; range animals — those that pass the night on the pasture.