Playback Rate
Shabbos 7:1-8:6
Shabbos7: 1
כְּלָל גָּדוֹל אָמְרוּ בַשַּׁבָּת: כָּל הַשּׁוֹכֵחַ עִקַּר שַׁבָּת, וְעָשָׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְשַׁבָּתוֹת הַרְבֵּה, אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אֶחָת;
הַיּוֹדֵעַ עִקַּר שַׁבָּת, וְעָשָׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְשַׁבָּתוֹת הַרְבֵּה, חַיָּב עַל כָּל שַׁבָּת וְשַׁבָּת;
הַיּוֹדֵעַ שֶׁהוּא שַׁבָּת, וְעָשָׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה בְשַׁבָּתוֹת הַרְבֵּה, חַיָּב עַל כָּל אַב מְלָאכָה וּמְלָאכָה;
הָעוֹשֶׂה מְלָאכוֹת הַרְבֵּה מֵעֵין מְלָאכָה אַחַת אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא חַטָּאת אֶחָת.
A major rule was stated [by the Sages] concerning the Sabbath: Anyone who forgot the essence of the Sabbath, and performed many labors on many Sabbaths, is liable for but one sin offering;
one who knew the essence of the Sabbath, and performed many labors on many Sabbaths, is liable for every Sabbath;
one who knew that it is the Sabbath, and performed many labors on many Sabbaths, is liable for every primary [category of] labor;
one who [knew that it is the Sabbath, and] performed many labors of one [category of] labor, is liable for but one sin offering.
Shabbos7: 2
אֲבוֹת מְלָאכוֹת אַרְבָּעִים חָסֵר אַחַת: [1] הַזּוֹרֵעַ, [2] וְהַחוֹרֵשׁ, [3] וְהַקּוֹצֵר, [4] וְהַמְעַמֵּר, [5] הַדָּשׁ, [6] וְהַזּוֹרֶה, [7] הַבּוֹרֵר, [8] הַטּוֹחֵן, [9] וְהַמְרַקֵּד, [01] וְהַלָּשׁ, [11] וְהָאוֹפֶה; [21] הַגּוֹזֵז אֶת הַצֶּמֶר, [31] הַמְלַבְּנוֹ, [41] וְהַמְנַפְּצוֹ, [51] וְהַצּוֹבְעוֹ, [61] וְהַטֹּוֶה, [71] וְהַמֵּסֵךְ, [81] וְהָעוֹשֶׂה שְׁתֵּי בָתֵּי נִירִין, [91] וְהָאוֹרֵג שְׁנֵי חוּטִין, [02] וְהַפּוֹצֵעַ שְׁנֵי חוּטִין, [12] הַקּוֹשֵׁר, [22] וְהַמַּתִּיר, [32] וְהַתּוֹפֵר שְׁתֵּי תְפִירוֹת, [42] הַקּוֹרֵעַ עַל מְנָת לִתְפֹּר שְׁתֵּי תְפִירוֹת; [52] הַצָּד צְבִי, [62] הַשּׁוֹחֲטוֹ, [72] וְהַמַּפְשִׁיטוֹ, [82] הַמּוֹלְחוֹ, [92] וְהַמְעַבֵּד אֶת עוֹרוֹ, [03] וְהַמּוֹחֲקוֹ, [13] וְהַמְחַתְּכוֹ, [23] הַכּוֹתֵב שְׁתֵּי אוֹתִיּוֹת, [33] וְהַמּוֹחֵק עַל מְנָת לִכְתּוֹב שְׁתֵּי אוֹתִיּוֹת; [43] הַבּוֹנֶה, [53] וְהַסּוֹתֵר; [63] הַמְכַבֶּה, [73] וְהַמַּבְעִיר; [83] הַמַּכֶּה בְפַטִּישׁ, [93] הַמּוֹצִיא מֵרְשׁוּת לִרְשׁוּת. הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ אֲבוֹת מְלָאכוֹת — אַרְבָּעִים חָסֵר אֶחָת.
The primary labors are forty minus one:
[1] sowing, [2] plowing,
[3] reaping, [4] gathering together, [5] threshing, [6] winnowing, [7] sorting, [8] grinding, [9] sifting, [10] kneading, and [11] baking; [12] shearing wool, [13] whitening it, [14] combing it, [15] dyeing it, [16] spinning, [17] mounting the warp, [18] setting two heddles, [19] weaving two threads, [20] removing two threads, [21] tying [a knot], [22] untying [a knot], [23] sewing two stitches, and [24] tearing in order to sew two stitches; [25] trapping a deer, [26] slaughtering it, [27] skinning it, [28] salting it, [29] tanning its hide, [30] smoothing it, [31] cutting it, [32] writing two letters, and [33] erasing in order to write two letters; [34] building, and [35] demolishing; [36] extinguishing, and [37] kindling; [38] striking the final blow, and [39] transferring [objects] from one domain to another domain. These are the primary labors — forty minus one.
Shabbos7: 3
וְעוֹד כְּלָל אַחֵר אָמְרוּ: כָּל הַכָּשֵׁר לְהַצְנִיעַ, וּמַצְנִיעִין כָּמוֹהוּ, וְהוֹצִיאוֹ בַשַּׁבָּת, חַיָּב עָלָיו חַטָּאת. וְכָל שֶׁאֵינוֹ כָשֵׁר לְהַצְנִיע, וְאֵין מַצְנִיעִין כָּמוֹהוּ, וְהוֹצִיאוֹ בַשַּׁבָּת, אֵינוֹ חַיָּב אֶלָּא הַמַּצְנִיעוֹ.
They stated yet another general rule: Whatever is fit to store, and people store such [a quantity], and one carried it out on the Sabbath, he is liable for a sin offering. But whatever is unfit to store, or [people] do not store [it in] such [a quantity], and one carried it out on the Sabbath, the only one liable is the one who stores it.
Shabbos7: 4
הַמּוֹצִיא תֶבֶן, כִּמְלֹא פִי פָרָה; עֵצָה, כִּמְלֹא פִי גָמָל; עָמִיר, כִּמְלֹא פִי טָלֶה; עֲשָׂבִים, כִּמְלֹא פִי גְדִי; עֲלֵי שׁוּם וַעֲלֵי בְצָלִים לַחִים, כִּגְרוֹגֶרֶת, יְבֵשִׁים, כִּמְלֹא פִי גְדִי. וְאֵין מִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא שָׁווּ בְשִׁעוּרֵיהֶן. הַמּוֹצִיא אֳכָלִים כִּגְרוֹגֶרֶת חַיָּב. וּמִצְטָרְפִין זֶה עִם זֶה מִפְּנֵי שֶׁשָּׁווּ בְשִׁעוּרֵיהֶן — חוּץ מִקְּלִפֵּיהֶן, וְגַרְעִינֵיהֶן, וְעֻקְצֵיהֶן, וְסֻבָּן, וּמֻרְסָנָן.
רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: חוּץ מִקְּלִפֵּי עֲדָשִׁים שֶׁמִּתְבַּשְּׁלוֹת עִמָּהֶן.
One who takes out straw [is liable if he takes out] as much as a cow’s mouthful; bean straw, as much as a camel’s mouthful; straw of ears of grain, as much as a lamb’s mouthful; grass, as much as a kid’s mouthful;
leaves of garlic or onion [if they are] fresh, the equivalent of a dried fig, [if they are] dry, as much as a kid’s mouthful. And they cannot be combined with one another because they are not alike in their prescribed measures.
One who takes out foodstuffs the equivalent of a dried fig is liable. And they can be combined with each other because they are alike in their prescribed measures — excluding their shells, their pits, their stems, their coarse bran, and their fine bran.
R’ Yehudah says: Excluding the shells of lentils which are cooked with them.
Shabbos8: 1
הַמּוֹצִיא יַיִן, כְּדֵי מְזִיגַת הַכּוֹס; חָלָב, כְּדֵי גְמִיעָה; דְּבַשׁ, כְּדֵי לִתֵּן עַל הַכָּתִית; שֶׁמֶן, כְּדֵי לָסוּךְ אֵבֶר קָטָן; מַיִם, כְּדֵי לָשׁוּף בָּהֶם אֶת הַקִּילוֹר. וּשְׁאָר כָּל הַמַּשְׁקִין בִּרְבִיעִית; וְכָל הַשֹּׁפָכִין, בִּרְבִיעִית. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר: כֻּלָּן בִּרְבִיעִית. וְלֹא אָמְרוּ כָל הַשִּׁעוּרִין הַלָּלוּ אֶלָּא לְמַצְנִיעֵיהֶן.
One who takes out wine [is liable if he takes out] enough for mixing a cup; milk, enough for a swallow; honey, enough to apply to a sore; oil, enough to anoint a small limb; water, enough to rub on an eye plaster. [For] all other liquids [one is liable] for a quarter-log; and [for] all waste water, for a quarter-log.
R’ Shimon says: [For] all of them, [one is liable] for a quarter-log. They did not state all these measurements except for those who store them.
Shabbos8: 2
הַמּוֹצִיא חֶבֶל, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת אֹזֶן לְקֻפָּה. גֶּמִי, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת תְּלַאי לְנָפָה וְלִכְבָרָה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי לִטֹּל מִמֶּנּוּ מִדַּת מִנְעָל לְקָטָן.
נְיָר, כְּדֵי לִכְתֹּב עָלָיו קֶשֶׁר מוֹכְסִין, וְהַמּוֹצִיא קֶשֶׁר מוֹכְסִין חַיָּב; נְיָר מָחוּק, כְּדֵי לִכְרֹךְ עַל פִּי צְלוֹחִית קְטַנָּה שֶׁל פֻּלְיָטוֹן.
One who takes out rope, enough to make a handle for a basket.
Reed-grass, enough to make a hanger for a sifter or for a sieve. R’ Yehudah says: Enough to take the measure of a child’s shoe.
Paper, enough to write on it a tax collector’s receipt, and one who takes out a tax collector’s receipt is liable; erased paper, enough to wrap around the mouth of a small bottle of perfume.
Shabbos8: 3
עוֹר, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת קָמֵיעַ; קְלַף, כְּדֵי לִכְתֹּב עָלָיו פָּרָשָׁה קְטַנָּה שֶׁבִּתְפִילִּין, שֶׁהִיא ,,שְׁמַע יִשְׂרָאֵל“; דְּיוֹ, כְּדֵי לִכְתֹּב שְׁתֵּי אוֹתִיּוֹת; כְּחוֹל, כְּדֵי לִכְחֹל עַיִן אֶחָת.
Hide, enough to make an amulet; parchment, enough to write the smallest section of the tefillin, namely, Shema Yisrael; ink,
enough to write two letters; stibium, enough to paint one eye.
Shabbos8: 4
דֶּבֶק, כְּדֵי לִתֵּן בְּרֹאשׁ הַשַּׁבְשֶׁבֶת; זֶפֶת וְגָפְרִית, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת נֶקֶב (קָטָן); שַׁעֲוָה, כְּדֵי לִתֵּן עַל פִּי נֶקֶב קָטָן.
חַרְסִית, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת פִּי כוּר שֶׁל צוֹרְפֵי זָהָב. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת פִּטְפּוּט. סֻבִּין, כְּדֵי לִתֵּן עַל־פִּי כוּר שֶׁל צוֹרְפֵי זָהָב. סִיד, כְּדֵי לָסוּד קְטַנָּה שֶׁבַּבָּנוֹת. רַבִּי יהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת כִּלְכּוּל. רַבִּי נְחֶמְיָה אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת אַנְדִּיפִי.
Paste, enough to put at the end of a birdcatcher’s board; pitch or sulphur, enough to make a (small) hole [therein]; wax, enough to put on the opening of a small hole.
Crushed brick, enough to make the opening of a gold refiner’s crucible. R’ Yehudah says: Enough to repair a prop of a tripod.
Coarse bran, enough to put on the opening of a gold refiner’s crucible.
Quicklime, enough to smear a girl’s smallest limb. R’ Yehudah says: Enough to flatten out the hair of the temples. R’ Nehemiah says: Enough for a [forehead] plaster.
Shabbos8: 5
אֲדָמָה, כְּחוֹתַם הַמַּרְצוּפִין — דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: כְּחוֹתַם הָאִגְּרוֹת. זֶבֶל וְחוֹל הַדַּק, כְּדֵי לְזַבֵּל קֶלַח שֶׁל כְּרוּב — דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים: כְּדֵי לְזַבֵּל כְּרֵישָׁא. חוֹל הַגַּס, כְּדֵי לִתֵּן עַל מְלֹא כַף סִיד; קָנֶה, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת קֻלְמוֹס, וְאִם הָיָה עָבֶה אוֹ מְרֻסָּס, כְּדֵי לְבַשֵּׁל בּוֹ בֵיצָה קַלָּה שֶׁבַּבֵּיצִים, טְרוּפָה וּנְתוּנָה בְאִלְפָּס.
Red clay, enough for the seal of packing sacks — [these are] the words of R’ Akiva. But the Sages say: Enough for the seal of letters.
Manure or fine sand, enough to fertilize a cabbage stalk — [these are] the words of R’ Akiva. But the Sages say: Enough to fertilize a leek.
Coarse sand, enough to put on a full trowel of lime; a reed, [large] enough to make a pen, but if it was thick or cracked, enough to cook with it the most easily cooked eggs, beaten and put in a stew pot.
Shabbos8: 6
עֶצֶם, כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת תַּרְוָד. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי לַעֲשׂוֹת מִמֶּנּוּ חָף. זְכוּכִית, כְּדֵי לִגְרֹר בּוֹ רֹאשׁ הַכַּרְכַּר. צְרוֹר אוֹ אֶבֶן, כְּדֵי לִזְרֹק בְּעוֹף. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בַּר יַעֲקֹב אוֹמֵר: כְּדֵי לִזְרֹק בִּבְהֵמָה.
Bone, enough to make a spoon. R’ Yehudah says: Enough to make with it a tooth [of a key].
Glass, enough to scrape the point of a weaver’s needle.
A pebble or stone, [large] enough to throw at a bird. R’ Eliezer bar Yaakov says: [Large] enough to throw at an animal.
Suggestions