They stated a rule concerning tithes: Anything that is a food, and is protected, and whose growth is from the ground is obligated in tithes.  And they stated another rule: Anything which is a food at the beginning [of its growth] and a food at the end [of its growth], even though one protects it to add food, [it] is obligated [in tithes when it is] small and [when it is] large. And anything which is not a food at the beginning [of its growth], but is a food at the end [of its growth], is not obligated [in tithes] until it becomes a food.

From when is produce obligated in tithes? Figs [are obligated] from when they begin to ripen. Grapes and avashim, from when they reach the stage of be'ushah. Sumac and mulberries, from when they redden; and all red [fruits], from when they redden. Pomegranates, from when they become soft. Dates, from when they develop sourdough cracks. Peaches, from when they develop “sinews.” Walnuts, from when they form a “storeroom.” R' Yehudah says: Walnuts and almonds [are obligated in tithes] from when they form a skin.

Carobs [are obligated in tithes] from when they become spotted; and all black [fruits], from when they become spotted. Pears, gallnut apples, quinces, and hawthorns, from when they become bald; and all white [fruits], from when they become bald. Fenugreek, from when it sprouts. Grain and olives, from when they grow a third.

[The following] vegetables: cucumbers, pumpkins, melons, and kirbies; [and the following tree fruits:] apples and citrons, are obligated large and small. R' Shimon exempts citrons when they are small.  That which is obligated in [the case of] bitter almonds is exempt in [the case of] sweet [ones]. That which is obligated in [the case of] sweet [almonds] is exempt in [the case of] bitter [ones].

What is their “goren” for tithes? [For] cucumbers and pumpkins, [it is] from when one removes their pikas; and if one does not remove their pikas, from when one heaps [them in] a pile. [For] a melon, from when one removes its shelek; and if one does not remove its shelek, until one arranges [the produce in] a muk-tzeh. [For] vegetables that are bundled, from when one bundles [them]; if one does not bundle them, [the tithing obligation is not established] until he fills the container; and if one is not filling [only one] container, until he collects all he needs. [If one collects them in] a basket, until he covers [the produce]; and if one does not cover [it], until he fills the container; and if one does not fill the container, until he collects all he needs. In what case are these things said? When one takes [the produce] to the marketplace; but when one takes [the produce] to his house, he may eat from it casually until he reaches his house.

[For] dried pomegranate segments, raisins, and [dried] carobs, [the “goren” is] from when one heaps [them in] a pile. [For] onions, from when one peels [them]; and if one does not peel [them], from when he heaps [them in] a pile. [For] grain, from when one smooths down [the pile of grain]; and if one does not smooth [it] down, until he heaps [the grain in] a pile. [For] legumes, from when one sifts [them]; and if one does not sift [them], until he smooths out [the pile of legumes].  Even though one smoothed [down the pile], he may take from the stalks that are unthreshed, from [the ears on] the sides [of the pile] and from that which is [mixed] with the straw, and eat [it].

Wine [is obligated in tithes] from when one skims [it]; even though one skimmed [the wine], one may collect [wine] from the upper wine-press and from the pipe, and drink [it].  Oil [is obligated] from when it descends to the trough; even though [oil] descended [to the trough], one may take [oil] from the sack, from under the mortar, and from between the boards, and apply [it] to a wafer and to [food in] a tureen; but he may not put [the oil] into a cooking pot or into a frying pan while [their contents] are boiling. R' Yehudah says: One may put [this oil] into anything, except for something containing vinegar or brine.

[For] a round cake [of pressed figs], from when one varnishes it. We may varnish [a cake of figs] with figs or grapes of tevel; [but] R' Yehudah forbids [it]. [If] one varnishes [a cake of figs] with grapes, it is not rendered susceptible [to tumah]; R' Yehu-dah says: It is rendered susceptible. [For loose] dried figs, from when one presses them; and [if they are placed in] a storeroom, from when one smooths [the pile down]. [If] one was pressing [figs] into a barrel, or smoothing down [a pile of figs] in a storeroom, [and] the barrel broke or the storeroom opened, he may not eat from [the figs] casually; [but] R' Yose permits [them].

Seeds of terumah: when he collects them, they are forbidden; but if he discards them, they are permitted. So too the bones of sacrifices: when he collects them, they are forbidden; but if he discards them, they are permitted.  Coarse bran is permit-ted. Bran of new [wheat] is forbidden, and of old [wheat] is permitted. And he conducts himself with terumah the same way he conducts himself with chullin. Someone who sifts flour [and retains] a kav or two kav per seah should not destroy the remainder, but should place it in a protected place.

A storeroom from which one cleared out wheat of terumah, we do not obligate him to sit and pick up [kernels of the terumah wheat] one by one; rather, he sweeps [the storeroom] as is his [usual] way, and puts chullin into it.

And so also, a barrel of oil that was spilled, we do not obligate him to sit and dab with his hand; rather, he conducts himself toward it the same way he conducts himself toward chullin.

[If] one is pouring from one barrel to another, and three drops have dripped [out], he may put chullin into it. If he inclined it, and [wine or oil] accumulated, it is terumah. How much must there be of terumas maaser of demai for him to take it to a Ko-hen? One [part] of eight of an eighth.

. [Regarding] terumah vetch, it may be fed to an animal, to a beast, or to chickens. [If] a Yisrael leased a cow from a Kohen, he may feed it terumah vetch. But [if] a Kohen leased a cow ~from a Yisrael, — even though its food is his responsibility, — he may not feed it terumah vetch. [If] a Yisrael assesses a cow from a Kohen, he may not feed it terumah vetch. But if a Kohen assesses a cow from a Yisrael, he may feed it terumah vetch.

One may light ““oil that is burned”” in synagogues, in houses of study and in dark alley-ways. And over the sick, in the domain of a Kohen. [Regarding] a daughter of a Yisrael who is married to a Kohen and she is accustomed to being with her father, her father may light in her domain. One may light at a banquet, but not at a house of mourning; [these are] the words of R' Yehudah. But R' Yose says: In a house of mourning, but not at a banquet. R' Meir forbids [it] here and here. R' Shimon permits [it] here and here.