[If] he leaves it in the sun, or gives it over to a deaf-mute, a mentally deranged person, or a minor, and it goes out and damag-es, he is liable. [If] he gives it over to a shepherd, [the] shepherd assumes the responsibility in his stead.  [If] it falls into a garden and derives benefit, [its owner] pays [for] what it benefited. Should it go down in its usual manner and damage, he pays [for] what it damaged. How does he pay [for] what it damaged? We appraise how much a seah's space in that field was worth and how much it is worth. R' Shimon says: [If] it eats ripe fruit, he pays for ripe fruit: if a seah, a seah; if two seahs, two seahs.

[If] one makes stacks of grain in another's field without permission, and the animal belonging to the owner of the field eats them, he is exempt. If it is injured by them, the owner of the stack is liable. Should he make the stacks with permission, the owner of the field is liable.