[If] he leaves it in the sun, or gives it over to a deaf-mute, a mentally deranged person, or a minor, and it goes out and damag-es, he is liable. [If] he gives it over to a shepherd, [the] shepherd assumes the responsibility in his stead.  [If] it falls into a garden and derives benefit, [its owner] pays [for] what it benefited. Should it go down in its usual manner and damage, he pays [for] what it damaged. How does he pay [for] what it damaged? We appraise how much a seah's space in that field was worth and how much it is worth. R' Shimon says: [If] it eats ripe fruit, he pays for ripe fruit: if a seah, a seah; if two seahs, two seahs.