[If] one digs a pit in a private domain and opens it into a public domain, or [if he digs it] in a public domain and opens it into a private domain, [or if he digs it] in a private domain and opens it into another private domain, he is liable.  [If] one digs a pit in a public domain, and a bull or a donkey falls into it and dies, he is liable. Whether one digs a pit, a trench, a cave, quad-rangular pits, or wedge-like ditches, he is liable. If so, why is pit stated? [To teach us that] just as a pit is deep enough to cause death —- [being] ten handbreadths, so is everything that is deep enough to bring about death —- [being] ten handbreadths. [If] they are less than ten handbreadths [deep], and a bull or a donkey fell into it and died, he is exempt; if it is injured, he is liable.

[If] a pit belongs to two partners [and] the first one passes by it and does not cover it, and the second one [passes by] and does not cover it, the second one is liable. [If] the first one covers it, and the second one comes and finds it uncovered and does not cover it, the second one is liable.  [If] he covers it properly, and a bull or a donkey falls into it and dies, he is exempt. [If] he does not cover it properly, and a bull or a donkey falls into it and dies, he is liable.  [If] it fell forward because of the sound of digging, he is liable; backward because of the sound of digging, he is exempt.  [If] an ox with its trapping falls into it and they break, or a donkey with its trappings and they tear, he is liable for the animal, but exempt for the trappings.  [If] a bull that was deaf, foolish, or young falls into it, he is liable; a male child or a female child, a male slave or a female slave, he is exempt.