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Bechoros 2:9-3:1
Rabbi Jack Abramowitz
Rabbi Jack Abramowitz

 ืžืฉื ื” ื˜


ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ื•ื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ืจื‘ื™ ื˜ืจืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื™ืจืขื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืกืชืื‘ื• ื•ื™ืื›ืœื• ื‘ืžื•ืžืŸ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื ื™ื”ืŸ ืื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืื™ื ื• ืคื˜ืจ ืจื—ื ื•ื”ืฉื ื™ ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืงื“ืžื• ืื—ืจ 


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ


ืฉื ืงืจืขื” ืืžื• ื•ื”ื•ืฆื™ืื• ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื“ืจืš ื“ืคื ื•ืชื™ื”


ื•ื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจื™ื•


ื”ื ื•ืœื“ ืื—ืจื™ื• ื“ืจืš ื”ืจื—ื


ื™ืจืขื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืกืชืื‘ื•


ื“ืžืกืคืงื ืœื™ื” ืœืจ' ื˜ืจืคื•ืŸ ืื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœืจื—ืžื™ื, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืœื ืคื˜ืจ ื”ื•ื ืืช ื”ืจื—ื, ืื™ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœืจื—ืžื™ื ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืฃ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืฉืื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœื•ืœื“ื•ืช, ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ืฉืคื˜ืจ ืืช ื”ืจื—ื ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื• ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœื•ืœื“ื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ื™ื•ืฆื ื“ื•ืคืŸ ืงื“ืžื”ื•. ื•ืžืกืคื™ืงื ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื™ืจืขื• ืขื“ ืฉื™ืกืชืื‘ื• ื•ื™ืื›ืœื• ื‘ืžื•ืžืŸ ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื, ื“ืฉืžื ืชืจืชื™ ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื›ื•ืจ ืœื•ืœื“ื•ืช ื•ืœืจื—ืžื™ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆื™ื ืžื—ื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ื• ื”ืจืื™ื”. ื•ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืคืฉื™ื˜ื ืœื™ื” ื“ืชืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื”ื• ื‘ืขื™ื ืŸ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืŸ ืงื“ื•ืฉ. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื


โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”โ€”-


ืคืจืง ื’


ืžืฉื ื” ื


ื”ืœื•ืงื— ื‘ื”ืžื” ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ืจื™ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื™ื“ื•ืข ืื ื‘ื›ืจื” ื•ืื ืœื ื‘ื›ืจื” ืจื‘ื™ ื™ืฉืžืขืืœ ืื•ืžืจ ืขื– ื‘ืช ืฉื ืชื” ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš ืกืคืง ืจื—ืœ ื‘ืช ืฉืชื™ื ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš ืกืคืง ืคืจื” ื•ื—ืžื•ืจ ื‘ื ื•ืช ืฉืœืฉ ื•ื“ืื™ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืžื›ืืŸ ื•ืื™ืœืš ืกืคืง ืืžืจ ืœื• ืจื‘ื™ ืขืงื™ื‘ื ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื•ืœื“ ื‘ืœื‘ื“ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื ืคื˜ืจืช ื”ื™ื” ื›ื“ื‘ืจื™ืš ืืœื ืืžืจื• ืกื™ืžืŸ ื”ื•ืœื“ ื‘ื‘ื”ืžื” ื“ืงื” ื˜ื ื•ืฃ ื•ื‘ื’ืกื” ืฉืœื™ื” ื•ื‘ืืฉื” ืฉืคื™ืจ ื•ืฉืœื™ื” ื–ื” ื”ื›ืœืœ ื›ืœ ืฉื™ื“ื•ืข ืฉื‘ื›ืจื” ืื™ืŸ ื›ืืŸ ืœื›ื”ืŸ ื›ืœื•ื ื•ื›ืœ ืฉืœื ื‘ื›ืจื” ื”ืจื™ ื–ื” ืœื›ื”ืŸ ืื ืกืคืง ื™ืื›ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืžื• ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘ ืื•ืžืจ ื‘ื”ืžื” ื’ืกื” ืฉืฉืคืขื” ื—ืจืจืช ื“ื ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืชืงื‘ืจ ื•ื ืคื˜ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”


 


ืจ' ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” ืžื‘ืจื˜ื ื•ืจื


ื”ืœื•ืงื—. ืขื– ื‘ืช ืฉื ืชื”


ืฉื™ืœื“ื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื ืชื”


 


ื•ื“ืื™


ืื•ืชื• ื”ื•ืœื“ ืœื›ื”ืŸ, ื“ืงื•ื“ื ืœื›ืŸ ืœื ื™ืœื“ื”


 


ืกืคืง


ื™ืจืขื” ืขื“ ืฉื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ื• ืžื•ื ื•ื™ืื›ืœ ื‘ืžื•ืžื• ืœื‘ืขืœื™ื. ื•ืื ืกืคืง ืคื˜ืจ ื—ืžื•ืจ ื”ื•ื, ืžืคืจื™ืฉ ื˜ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืฉืœื•


 


ื˜ื ื•ืฃ


ืื‘ืขื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ื“ื ืฉืคื•ืœื˜ืช ื”ื‘ื”ืžื”. ื•ืžืจืื™ื ืื•ืชืŸ ืœืจื•ืขื” ื—ื›ื ื•ืžื›ื™ืจ ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื ื”ืŸ ืžื—ืžืช ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืคื™ืœื” ื•ืฉืžื ื˜ื ืคื” ื‘ืชื•ืš ืฉื ืชื” ื“ื”ื•ื™ ืกืคืง ื•ืœื“ ื•ื ืคื˜ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”, ื”ืœื›ืš ืืคื™ืœื• ืขื– ื‘ืช ืฉื ืชื” ืกืคืง ื”ื•ื


 


ืฉืœื™ื


ื›ืžื™ืŸ ื›ื™ืกื•ื™ ืขืœ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืฉื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืžื•ื ื— ื‘ื”


 


ืฉืคื™ืจ
ืœืžืขืœื” ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืœื™ื ืงืจื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื• ื“ื ื ืงืจืฉ ื•ื”ื•ื ืงืจื•ื™ ืฉืคื™ืจ. ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ ืคื™ืจืฉื•, ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ืฉืจ ืฉื™ืฉ ื‘ื” ืฆื•ืจืช ืื“ื. ื•ื™ืฉ ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ืงืจืืช ืฉืคื™ืจ, ืœืคื™ ืฉืขืฉื•ื™ื” ื›ืฉืคื•ืคืจืช


 


ืฉืฉืคืขื” ื—ืจืจืช ื“ื


ืฉื”ืคื™ืœื” ื—ืชื™ื›ื” ื“ื


 


ื”ืจื™ ื–ื• ืชืงื‘ืจ


ืœื”ื•ื“ื™ืข ืฉื ืคื˜ืจื” ืžืŸ ื”ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”. ืฉื”ืจื•ืื” ืฉืงื•ื‘ืจื™ื ืื•ืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื‘ื ืื—ืจื™ื• ืื™ื ื• ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื‘ื›ื•ืจื”. ื•ื”ืœื›ื” ื›ืจ' ืขืงื™ื‘ื ื•ื›ืจ' ืืœื™ืขื–ืจ ื‘ืŸ ื™ืขืงื‘


Bechoros2: 9
ื™ื•ึนืฆึตื ื“ึนืคึถืŸ ื•ึฐื”ึทื‘ึผึธื ืึทื—ึฒืจึธื™ื• โ€” ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื˜ึทืจึฐืคื•ึนืŸ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถื ื™ึดืจึฐืขื•ึผ ืขึทื“ ืฉืึถื™ึผึดืกึฐืชึผึธืึฒื‘ื•ึผ, ื•ึฐื™ึตืึธื›ึฐืœื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืžื•ึผืžึธืŸ ืœึทื‘ึผึฐืขึธืœึดื™ื. ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืขึฒืงึดื™ื‘ึธื ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ืฉืึฐื ึตื™ื”ึถืŸ ืึตื™ื ึธืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื›ื•ึนืจ; ื”ึธืจึดืืฉืื•ึนืŸ, ืžึดืฉืึผื•ึผื ืฉืึถืึตื™ื ื•ึน ืคึถื˜ึถืจ ืจึถื—ึถื, ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉืึผึตื ึดื™, ืžึดืฉืึผื•ึผื ืฉืึถืงึผึฐื“ึธืžื•ึน ืึทื—ึตืจ.
An [animal] born by Caesarean section and the one that follows it โ€”- Rโ€™ Tarfon says: Both must be left to pasture until they develop blemishes, and they may be eaten with their blemish by their owner. Rโ€™ Akiva says: Neither one is a bechor; the first, because it did not open the womb, and the second, because it was preceded by another.
Bechoros3: 1
ื”ึทืœึผื•ึนืงึตื—ึท ื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื ึผึธื›ึฐืจึดื™, ื•ึฐืึตื™ืŸ ื™ึธื“ื•ึผืขึท ืึดื ื‘ึผึดื›ึผึฐืจึธื” ื•ึฐืึดื ืœึนื ื‘ึดื›ึผึฐืจึธื” โ€” ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ื™ึดืฉืึฐืžึธืขึตืืœ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ืขึตื– ื‘ึผึทืช ืฉืึฐื ึธืชึธื”ึผ ื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™ ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ, ืžึดื›ึผึธืืŸ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืœึธืšึฐ ืกึธืคึตืง; ืจึธื—ึตืœ ื‘ึผึทืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึทื™ึดื ื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™ ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ, ืžึดื›ึผึธืืŸ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืœึธืšึฐ ืกึธืคึตืง; ืคึผึธืจึธื” ื•ึทื—ึฒืžื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึฐื ื•ึนืช ืฉืึธืœึนืฉื ื•ึทื“ึผึทืื™ ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ, ืžึดื›ึผึธืืŸ ื•ึฐืึตื™ืœึธืšึฐ ืกึธืคึตืง. ืึธืžึทืจ ืœื•ึน ืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืขึฒืงึดื™ื‘ึธื: ืึดืœึผื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐื•ึธืœึธื“ ื‘ึผึดืœึฐื‘ึทื“ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ื ึดืคึฐื˜ึถืจึถืช โ€” ื”ึธื™ึธื” ื›ึดื“ึฐื‘ึธืจึถื™ืšึธ; ืึถืœึผึธื ืึธืžึฐืจื•ึผ: ืกึดื™ืžึทืŸ ื”ึทื•ึผึธืœึธื“ ื‘ึผึดื‘ึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ื“ึทืงึผึธื” โ€” ื˜ึดื ึผื•ึผืฃ; ื•ึผื‘ึฐื’ึทืกึผึธื” โ€” ืฉืึดืœึฐื™ึธื”; ื•ึผื‘ึฐืึดืฉืึผึธื” โ€” ืฉืึธืคึดื™ืจ ื•ึฐืฉืึดืœึฐื™ึธื”. ื–ึถื” ื”ึทื›ึผึฐืœึธืœ: ื›ึผึธืœ ืฉืึถื™ึผึธื“ื•ึผืขึท ืฉืึถื‘ึผึดื›ึผึฐืจึธื” โ€” ืึตื™ืŸ ื›ึผึธืืŸ ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ ื›ึผึฐืœื•ึผื; ื•ึฐื›ึธืœ ืฉืึถืœึผึนื ื‘ึดื›ึผึฐืจึธื” โ€” ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื–ึถื” ืœึทื›ึผึนื”ึตืŸ; ืึดื ืกึธืคึตืง โ€” ื™ึตืึธื›ึตืœ ื‘ึผึฐืžื•ึผืžื•ึน ืœึทื‘ึผึฐืขึธืœึดื™ื. โ€ƒืจึทื‘ึผึดื™ ืึฑืœึดื™ืขึถื–ึถืจ ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื™ึทืขึฒืงึนื‘ ืื•ึนืžึตืจ: ื‘ึผึฐื”ึตืžึธื” ื’ึทืกึผึธื” ืฉืึถืฉืึผึธืคึฐืขึธื” ื—ึฒืจึธืจึทืช ื“ึผึธื, ื”ึฒืจึตื™ ื–ื•ึน ืชึดืงึผึธื‘ึตืจ, ื•ึฐื ึดืคึฐื˜ึฐืจึธื” ืžึดืŸ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐื›ื•ึนืจึธื”.
[If] one buys an animal from a non-Jew, and it is not known whether it had borne its first [offspring] or not โ€”- Rโ€™ Yishmael says: [The offspring of] a goat in its first year certainly belongs to a Kohen, from here on it is questionable; [the offspring of] a ewe in its second year certainly belongs to a Kohen, from here on it is questionable; [the offspring of] a cow or donkey in its third year certainly belongs to a Kohen, from here on it is questionable. Rโ€™ Akiva said to him: If offspring alone would exempt the animal, it would be as you say; but they said: The sign of offspring in small livestock [is] a womb-discharge; and in large livestock, an amniotic sac; and in a woman, an embryo or an amnioti sac. This is the rule: [With] any [animal] known to have previously borne its first, the Kohen receives nothing; and [with] any one that had not borne its first, this [first male offspring] belongs to the Kohen; if it is questionable, it may be eaten in its blemished [state] by the owner. โ€ƒRโ€™ Eliezer ben Yaakov says: [If] a large livestock animal discharges a mass of congealed blood, it must be buried, and it is exempt from the laws of bechor.

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