Even if he heard women saying, “So-and-so died,” it is sufficient. R' Yehudah says: Even if he heard children saying, “We are going to eulogize and bury so-and-so.” [His testimony is valid] whether he intends [to testify] or not. R' Yehudah ben Bava says: A Jew's [testimony is valid], even if he intended [to testify], but [if] a non-Jew intended [to testify], his testimony is not valid.

Witnesses may testify [even if they saw] by lamplight and moonlight, and we permit remarriage on the basis of a voice. There was [once] an incident where someone stood on a hilltop and said, “So-and-so, the son of so-and-so, from such and such a place, has died,” They went [to the hilltop] but found no one there, [yet] they permitted his wife to remarry. There was another incident at Zalmon where someone said, “I am so-and-so, the son of so-and-so. A snake has bitten me, and I am dying.” They went [there] but could not recognize him, [yet] they permitted his wife to remarry.