Utensils that are beneath a capital remain tahor. R’ Yochanan ben Nuri declares [them] tamei. [In a case where] the tumah and the utensils are beneath the capital, if there is a space of a handbreadth, the [utensils] are tamei; if not, they remain tahor. Two wall closets are one beside the other or one above the other. One of [the closets] is opened; it becomes tamei and so does the house, while the other [closet] remains tahor. [However, if the door is closed,] the wall closets are treated as if there is no empty space inside them at all, and they are ruled half and half to make the house tamei.

[If] tumah is within a wall inside a space that is a cubed handbreadth — every story above it becomes tamei, even if there are ten [stories]. [If] an upper story [is built] over two houses [and there is tumah in the wall between the two houses] — it becomes tamei, but all the stories above it remain ta-hor. [If] there is tumah inside a dike, it penetrates directly upward and downward. [If] a tombstone is on top of an occluded grave — someone who touches its sides remains tahor, because the tumah penetrates [only] upward and downward. [But] if the place of the tumah contains a cubed handbreadth [of empty space], one who touches any part of [the tombstone] becomes tamei, because it is treated as a sealed grave. [If] huts were leaned against it — they become tamei. R’ Yehudah declares them tahor.

All the sloping [sections] of a tent are considered part of the tent. [In the case of] a tent [whose walls] slope downward, and at its [upper] end it is [only] as wide as a finger: [if] there is tumah inside the tent — utensils under the slope become tamei. [If] there is tumah under the slope — utensils inside the tent become tamei. [If] there is tumah inside [a tent] — someone who touches the inside [of the tent] becomes tamei for seven days, whereas [someone who touches] the outside [of the tent] becomes tamei [only] until evening. [If] there is tumah on the outside [of the tent] — someone who touches the outside [of the tent] becomes tamei for seven days; whereas [someone who touches] the inside [of the tent] becomes tamei [only] until evening. [If] there is a half-olive-sized [piece] on the inside and a half-olive-sized [piece] on the outside — someone who touches either side becomes tamei [only] until evening. [If] part [of the tent] is flat on the ground: whether the tumah is beneath [the tent] or above it — the tumah penetrates upward and downward. [If] a tent is pitched in the upper story, [with excess cloth] lying flat over the opening between the house and the upper story — R’ Yose says: It curtails [tumah]; R’ Shimon says: It does not curtail [tumah], unless it is stretched out the way a tent usually is.

[If] there is a corpse in a house with numerous entrances, all [utensils in the en-trances] become tamei. [If] one [door] is opened, it is tamei, and the others are tahor. [If] it was decided to remove [the corpse] through one of the [doors], or through a window four handbreadths square, tumah is curtailed from all the other entrances. Beis Shammai say: It must be decided before the person dies. Beis Hillel say: [It can be decided] even after the person dies. If [an entrance] was sealed and he decided to open it — Beis Shammai say: When he opens four handbreadths [it will curtail tumah from the other entrances]; but Beis Hillel say: As soon as he begins [to open it]. But they [both] agree that a doorway created for the first time must be opened four handbreadths.