We can make a temurah from cattle to [animals of] the flocks, and from [animals of] the flocks to cattle; from sheep to goats, and from goats to sheep; from males to females, and from females to males; from unblemished animals to blemished animals, and from blemished animals to unblemished animals, for it is stated: He shall not exchange it nor shall he substitute it [whether] good for bad or bad for good. What is [the case] of good for bad? [A case of] blemished [animals] whose conse- cration preceded their blemish.  We can make a temurah [by substituting] one [unconsecrated animal] for two [consecrated animals], and two for one, [and even by substituting] one for a hundred, and a hundred for one. R’ Shimon says: One cannot make a temurah except one for one, for it is stated: then it and its substitute [shall be holy]; just as “it” is a single animal, so too its substitute is a single animal.

We cannot make a temurah [by substituting unconsecrated] limbs for [consecrated] fetuses, nor [by substituting unconsecrated] fetuses for [consecrated] limbs, nor [by substituting unconsecrated] limbs or fetuses for [consecrated] whole [animals], nor [by substi- tuting unconsecrated] whole [animals] for them. R’ Yose says: We can make a temurah [by substi- tuting unconsecrated] limbs for [consecrated] whole [animals] but not [by substituting uncon- secrated] whole [animals] for [consecrated] limbs. R’ Yose said: But is not [the law] in the case of [directly] consecrated animals [that] if one says, “The leg of this [animal] is hereby an olah,” its en- tirety is [consecrated as] an olah, so too when one says, “The leg of this [unconsecrated] animal [shall be] substituted for this [consecrated animal],” the entirety [of the substitute] should become a temurah in place of [the consecrated animal]?

A meduma mixture does not create another me-duma mixture except according to calculation. And [dough that was] leavened [with terumah] does not render [forbidden another dough it] leavened except according to calculation. And drawn water does not disqualify a mikveh except according to calculation.

Mei chatas does not become [valid] mei chatas except with the placement of [the parah adumah] ashes.  A beis hapras does not create [another] beis hapras, [there is] no terumah after terumah, a temurah cannot make a temurah, and the offspring [of an offering] cannot make a temurah. R’ Yehudah says: The offspring [of an offering] can make a temurah. They said to [R’ Yehudah]: A con- secrated offering can make a temurah, [but] neither the offspring [of an offering] nor a temurah can make a temurah.