Playback Rate
Erchin 8:1-8:4
Erchin8: 1
הַמַּקְדִישׁ אֶת־שָׂדֵהוּ בְּשָׁעָה שֶׁאֵינָהּ יוֹבֵל, אוֹמְרִים לוֹ: ,,פְּתַח אַתָּה רִאשׁוֹן;“ שֶׁהַבְּעָלִים נוֹתְנִים חֹמֶשׁ, וְכָל־אָדָם אֵינוֹ נוֹתֵן חֹמֶשׁ. מַעֲשֶׂה בְאֶחָד שֶׁהִקְדִּישׁ אֶת־שָׂדֵהוּ מִפְּנֵי רָעָתָהּ. אָמְרוּ לוֹ: ,,פְּתַח אַתָּה רִאשׁוֹן,“ אָמַר: ,,הֲרֵי הִיא שֶׁלִּי בְּאִסָּר.“ אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי: לֹא אָמַר זֶה אֶלָּא ,,בִּכְבֵיצָה;“ שֶׁהַהֶקְדֵּשׁ נִפְדֶּה בְכֶסֶף וּבְשָׁוֶה כֶסֶף. אָמַר לוֹ: ,,הִגִּיעָתְךָ!“ נִמְצָא מַפְסִיד אִסָּר, וְשָׂדֵהוּ לְפָנָיו.
One who consecrates his field at a time when the Yovel is not in force, they say to him, ‘You bid first;’ for the owner gives a fifth, whereas any other person does not give a fifth. [There was] a story of a person who consecrated his field because of its poor quality. They said to him: ‘You bid first,’ [and] he said, ‘It is mine for an issar.’ R’ Yose said: This one said nothing other than, ‘for an egg;’ for consecrated property may be redeemed with money or with something worth money. He said to him, ‘It is yours!’ Thus, he was found to have lost an issar, and his field was still his.
Erchin8: 2
אָמַר אֶחָד: ,,הֲרֵי הִיא שֶׁלִּי בְּעֶשֶׂר סְלָעִים,“ וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר: ,,בְּעֶשְׂרִים,“ וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר: ,,בִּשְׁלֹשִׁים,“ וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר: ,,בְּאַרְבָּעִים,“ וְאֶחָד אוֹמֵר: ,,בַּחֲמִשִּׁים“ — חָזַר בּוֹ שֶׁל־חֲמִשִּׁים, מְמַשְׁכְּנִין מִנְּכָסָיו עַד־עֶשֶׂר.
חָזַר בּוֹ שֶׁל־אַרְבָּעִים, מְמַשְׁכְּנִין מִנְּכָסָיו עַד־עֶשֶׂר. חָזַר בּוֹ שֶׁל־שְׁלֹשִׁים, מְמַשְׁכְּנִין מִנְּכָסָיו עַד־עֶשֶׂר. חָזַר בּוֹ שֶׁל־עֶשְׂרִים, מְמַשְׁכְּנִין מִנְּכָסָיו עַד־עֶשֶׂר. חָזַר בּוֹ שֶׁל־עֶשֶׂר, מוֹכְרִים אוֹתָהּ בְּשָׁוְיָהּ, וְנִפְרָעִים מִשֶּׁל־עֶשֶׂר אֶת־הַמּוֹתָר.
הַבְּעָלִים אוֹמְרִים: ,,בְּעֶשְׂרִים,“ וְכָל־אָדָם אוֹמְרִים: ,,בְּעֶשְׂרִים,“ הַבְּעָלִים קוֹדְמִים, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהֵם מוֹסִיפִין חֹמֶשׁ.
[If] one said, ‘It is mine for ten selaim,’ and one said, ‘for twenty,’ and one said, ‘for thirty,’ and one said, ‘for forty,’ and one said, ‘for fifty’ — [if] the one who [bid] fifty retracted, they secure from his property up to ten [selaim]. [If] the one who [bid] forty retracted, they secure from his property up to ten [selaim].
[If] the one who [bid] thirty retracted, they secure from his property up to ten [selaim]. [If] the one who [bid] twenty retracted, they secure from his property up to ten [selaim]. [If] the one who [bid] ten retracted, they sell it for its worth, and collect the balance from the one who bid ten [selaim].
[If] the owner says, ‘for twenty,’ and others say, ‘for twenty,’ the owner is given preference, because he adds a fifth.
Erchin8: 3
אָמַר אֶחָד: ,,הֲרֵי הִיא שֶׁלִּי בְעֶשְׂרִים וְאַחַת“ — הַבְּעָלִים נוֹתְנִים עֶשְׂרִים וָשֵׁשׁ; ,,בְּעֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁתַּיִם“ — הַבְּעָלִים נוֹתְנִים עֶשְׂרִים וָשֶׁבַע; ,,בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְשָׁלֹשׁ“ — הַבְּעָלִים נוֹתְנִים עֶשְׂרִים וּשְׁמֹנֶה; ,,בְּעֶשְׂרִים וְאַרְבַּע“ — הַבְּעָלִים נוֹתְנִים תֵּשַׁע וָעֶשְׂרִים; ,,בְּחָמֵשׁ וְעֶשְׂרִים“ — הַבְּעָלִים נוֹתְנִים שְׁלֹשִׁים; שֶׁאֵין מוֹסִיפִין חֹמֶשׁ עַל־עִלּוּיוֹ שֶׁל־זֶה. אָמַר אֶחָד: ,,הֲרֵי הִיא שֶׁלִּי בְּעֶשְׂרִים וָשֵׁשׁ“ — אִם רָצוּ הַבְּעָלִים לִתֵּן שְׁלֹשִׁים וְאַחַת וְדִינָר, הַבְּעָלִים קוֹדְמִים; וְאִם לָאו, אוֹמְרִים: ,,הִגִּיעָתְךָ.“
[If] one said, ‘It is mine for twenty-one’ — the owner must give twenty-six; ‘for twenty-two’ — the owner must give twenty-seven; ‘for twenty-three’ — the owner must give twenty-eight; ‘for twenty-four’ — the owner must give twenty-nine; ‘for twenty-five’ — the owner must give thirty; for we do not add a fifth to the increment from this one’s [bid]. [If] one said, ‘It is mine for twenty-six’ — if the owner wished to give thirtyone and a dinar, the owner is given preference; and if not, they say, ‘It is yours.’
Erchin8: 4
מַחֲרִים אָדָם מִצֹּאנוֹ וּמִבְּקָרוֹ, מֵעֲבָדָיו וּמִשִּׁפְחוֹתָיו הַכְּנַעֲנִים, וּמִשְּׂדֵה אֲחֻזָּתוֹ; וְאִם הֶחֱרִים אֶת־כֻּלָּן, אֵינָן מֻחְרָמִין; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר. אָמַר רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן־עֲזַרְיָה: מָה אִם לַגָּבוֹהַּ אֵין אָדָם רַשַּׁאי לְהַחֲרִים אֶת־כָּל־נְכָסָיו, עַל־אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה שֶׁיְּהֵא אָדָם חַיָּב לִהְיוֹת חָס עַל־נְכָסָיו.
A person may declare cherem part of his flock or his cattle, some of his male and female Canaanite slaves, or part of his ancestral land; but if he declared all of them to be cherem, they do not become cherem; [these are] the words of R’ Elazar. R’ Elazar ben Azaryah said: If one may not declare all his property cherem to the Most High, how much more so must a person spare his property!
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