It happened that the lower jaw [of an animal] protruded beyond its upper jaw; Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel sent to the Sages, and they said: It is a blemish. [If] a kid’s ear was doubled —- the Sages said: In the instance that it is one body, it is a blemish; but if it is not one body, it is not a blemish. R’ Chanania ben Gamliel says: A kid’s tail that resembles that of a pig, or [a tail] that does not have three vertebrae, is a blemish.

R’ Chanina ben Antignos says: [If] it has a wart on its eye, or the bone of its foreleg or hind leg is notched, or the bone in its mouth is split, [or] one eye is large or one is small, [or] one ear is visibly large and one is small, [it is a blemish,] but not if it must be measured. R’ Yehudah says: [Also, if] one of its testicles is twice the size of the other, but the Sages did not concur with him.

[If] a calf’s tail does not reach the knee joint —- the Sages said: The growth of all calves is in this manner, as long as they grow they stretch out. Concerning which knee joint did they speak? Said R’ Chanina ben Antignos: Concerning the knee joint that is in the middle of the thigh. By reason of these blemishes a bechor may be slaughtered, and unfit consecrated animals may be redeemed because of them.

On account of the following [blemishes] one may not slaughter either in the Temple or in the provinces: White flecks or water that are not permanent, or back teeth that were notched but were not uprooted; or an [animal] that has scabs, a wart, or boils; [or] an aged [animal], a sick one, one emitting an offensive odor, one with which a sin was committed, or that killed a person (by the testimony of one witness or by the confession of the owner); an animal of undetermined gender, or an androgynous [animal] —- [one may not slaughter these] either in the Temple or in the provinces. R’ Yishmael says: There is no blemish greater than this; the Sages say: It is not a bechor, and it may be sheared and worked with.