With what may we cover and with what may we not cover? We may cover with fine dung or with fine sand, with lime or with potsherds, or with a brick or with the cover [of a cask] that were crushed. But we may not cover with the coarse dung, with coarse sand, or with a brick or with the cover [of a cask] that were not crushed, neither may he invert a vessel over it. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel stated a general rule: Whatever makes plants grow may be used for covering, but what does not make plants grow may not be used for covering.

[The prohibition against eating] the sinew of the thigh applies [both] in the Land and outside the Land, when the Temple exists and when the Temple does not exist, to unconsecrated animals and to consecrated ones, and it applies to an animal and to a beast, to the right thigh and to the left thigh, but it does not apply to a fowl because it has no spoon-shaped hip. And it applies to a fetus. R’ Yehudah says: It does not apply to a fetus. And its fat is permissible. Butchers are not believed concerning the sinew of the thigh, these are the words of R’ Meir; but the Sages say: They are believed concerning it and concerning fat.

One may send a gentile a thigh with the sinew of the thigh inside it, because its place is discernible. One who removes the sinew of the thigh must remove it entirely. R’ Yehudah says: Enough to fulfill with it the mitzvah of removal.

[If] one eats an olive’s volume of the sinew of the thigh, he incurs forty lashes. [If] he ate it, and it does not contain an olive’s volume, he is [also] liable. [If] he ate an olive’s volume of this one and an olive’s volume of that one, he incurs eighty lashes. R’ Yehudah says: He incurs only forty.