Ten things were created on the first Sabbath eve at twilight, and these are they: (1) the opening of the earth's mouth, (2) the mouth of [Miriam's] well, (3) the mouth of the donkey, (4) the rainbow, (5) the manna, (6) the staff, (7) the shamir worm, (8) the script, (9) the reading, (10) and the Tablets. And some say, also the destructive spirits, Moses' burial place, and the ram of our father Abraham. And some say, also [the first man-made] tongs were made with [Heavenly] tongs.

Seven things [are found] in a crude person and seven in a wise person: (1) A wise person does not speak before someone who is greater than himself in wisdom or in number; (2) he does not interrupt the words of his friend; (3) he does not hasten to answer; (4) he asks relevant questions and answers appropriately; (5) he discusses first things first and last things last; (6) about that which he has not heard he says, “I have not heard”; (7) and he concedes the truth. And the opposite [is found] in a crude person.

Seven types of punishment come to the world on account of seven distinct sins: (1) [If] some tithe and some do not tithe, a famine of drought comes, [in which] some are hungry and some are satiated. [If] they decide not to tithe, a famine of confu-sion and of drought comes. [If they decide] not to separate challah, a famine of destruction comes. (2) Pestilence comes to the world on account of the executions stated in the Torah which were not given over to the court, (3) and on account of the pro-duce of the seventh [year]. (4) [The] sword comes to the world on account of delaying justice, on account of perverting justice, and on account of those who render Torah decisions counter to halachah.

(5) Savage beasts come to the world on account of vain oaths, (6) and on account of the desecration of the Name [of God]. (7) Exile comes to the world on account of those who worship idols, on account of illicit relations, on account of murder, and on account of the abandonment of the Land.  At four times pestilence is increased: (1) in the fourth [year], (2) in the sev-enth [year], (3) at the departure of the seventh [year], (4) and at the departure of Succos each year: in the fourth [year] be-cause of maaser ani of the third [year]; in the seventh [year] because of maaser ani of the sixth [year]; at the departure of the seventh [year] because of the produce of the seventh [year]; and at the departure of Succos each year because of stealing the gifts of the poor.