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Shavuos 4:3-4:6
Shevuos4: 3
שְׁבוּעַת הָעֵדוּת כֵּיצַד? אָמַר לִשְׁנַיִם: ,,בּוֹאוּ וַהֲעִידוּנִי”, ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁאֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין לְךָ עֵדוּת”; אוֹ שֶׁאָמְרוּ לוֹ: ,,אֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין לְךָ עֵדוּת”, מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם”, וְאָמְרוּ: ,,אָמֵן!” — הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ חַיָּבִין.
הִשְׁבִּיעַ עֲלֵיהֶן חֲמִשָּׁה פְעָמִים חוּץ לְבֵית דִּין, וּבָאוּ לְבֵית דִּין וְהוֹדוּ — פְּטוּרִים. כָּפְרוּ — חַיָּבִים עַל כָּל אַחַת וְאַחַת. הִשְׁבִּיעַ עֲלֵיהֶן חֲמִשָּׁה פְעָמִים בִּפְנֵי בֵית דִּין וְכָפְרוּ — אֵינָן חַיָּבִין אֶלָּא אֶחָת. אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן: מַה טַּעַם? הוֹאִיל וְאֵינָם יְכוֹלִין לַחֲזוֹר וּלְהוֹדוֹת.
What is the case of the oath of the testimony? [If] he says to two, “Come and testify for me,” [and they reply,] “We swear that we do not know any testimony for you”; or they say to him, “We do not know any testimony for you,” [and he says,] “I adjure you,” and they reply, “Amen!” —- they are liable. [If] he adjured them five times outside of court, and they came to the court and confessed —- they are exempt. [If] they denied —- they are liable for each one. [If] he adjured them five times before the court, and they denied —- they are liable only once. Said R' Shimon: What is the reason? Because they cannot retract and confess.
Shevuos4: 4
כָּפְרוּ שְׁנֵיהֶן כְּאַחַת — שְׁנֵיהֶן חַיָּבִין; בָּזֶה אַחַר זֶה — הָרִאשׁוֹן חַיָּב וְהַשֵּׁנִי פָטוּר. כָּפַר אֶחָד וְהוֹדָה אֶחָד — הַכּוֹפֵר חַיָּב. הָיוּ שְׁתֵּי כִתֵּי עֵדִים, כָּפְרָה הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, וְאַחַר־כָּךְ כָּפְרָה הַשְּׁנִיָּה — שְׁתֵּיהֶן חַיָּבוֹת, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהָעֵדוּת יְכוֹלָה לְהִתְקַיֵּם בִּשְׁתֵּיהֶן.
[If] they both denied simultaneously, both are liable; consecutively —- the first one is liable, and the second one is exempt. [If] one denied and one admitted —- the denier is liable. [If] there were two pairs of witnesses, [and] the first one denied, and then the second one denied —- both are liable, because the testimony could be upheld by either of them.
Shevuos4: 5
,,מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם אִם לֹא תָבוֹאוּ וּתְעִידוּנִי שֶׁיֶּשׁ לִי בְיַד פְּלוֹנִי פִּקָּדוֹן, וּתְשׂוּמֶת יָד, וְגָזֵל, וַאֲבֵדָה”, ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁאֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין לְךָ עֵדוּת” — אֵין חַיָּבִין אֶלָּא אֶחָת. ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁאֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין שֶׁיֶּשׁ לְךָ בְיַד פְּלוֹנִי פִּקָּדוֹן, וּתְשׂוּמֶת יָד, וְגָזֵל, וַאֲבֵדָה” — חַיָּבִין עַל כָּל אַחַת וְאֶחָת.
,,מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם אִם לֹא תָבוֹאוּ וּתְעִידוּנִי שֶׁיֶּשׁ לִי בְיַד פְּלוֹנִי פִקָּדוֹן חִטִּין, וּשְׂעוֹרִין וְכֻסְּמִין”, ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁאֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין לְךָ עֵדוּת” — אֵין חַיָּבִין אֶלָּא אֶחָת. ,,שְׁבוּעָה שֶׁאֵין אָנוּ יוֹדְעִין לְךָ עֵדוּת שֶׁיֶּשׁ לְךָ בְיַד פְּלוֹנִי חִטִּין, וּשְׂעוֹרִין, וְכֻסְּמִין” — חַיָּבִין עַל כָּל אַחַת וְאֶחָת.
“I adjure you that you come and testify for me that I have in so-and-so's possession a deposit, a loan, a stolen article, and a lost article,” [and they reply,] “We swear that we do not know any testimony for you” —- they are liable only once. [But if they reply,] “We swear that we do not know that you have in so-and-so's possession a deposit, a loan, a stolen article, and a lost article” —- they are liable for each one.
“I adjure you that you come and testify for me that I have in so-and-so's possession a deposit of wheat, barley and spelt,” [and they reply,] “We swear that we do not know any testimony for you” —- they are liable only once. [But if they reply,] “We swear that we do not know any testimony for you that you have in so-and-so's possession wheat, barley, and spelt” —- they are liable for each one.
Shevuos4: 6
,,מַשְׁבִּיעַ אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם אִם לֹא תָבוֹאוּ וּתְעִידוּנִי שֶׁיֶּשׁ לִי בְיַד פְּלוֹנִי נֶזֶק,” וַ,,חֲצִי נֶזֶק”, ,,תַשְׁלוּמֵי כֶפֶל”, ,,תַּשְׁלוּמֵי אַרְבָּעָה וַחֲמִשָּׁה”, וְ,,שֶׁאָנַס אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי אֶת בִּתִּי”, וּפִתָּה אֶת בִּתִּי”, וְ,,שֶׁהִכַּנִי בְנִי”, וְ,,שֶׁחָבַל בִּי חֲבֵרִי”, וְ,,שֶׁהִדְלִיק אֶת גְּדִישִׁי בְיוֹם הַכִּפּוּרִים” — הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ חַיָּבִין.
“I adjure you that you come and testify for me that I have in so-and-so's possession damages,” or “half-damages,” “double pay-ment,” “fourfold or fivefold payment,” or “that so-and-so violated my daughter,” or “seduced my daughter,” or “that my son struck me,” or “that my neighbor wounded me,” or “that he ignited my stack of grain on Yom Kippur” —- they are liable.
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