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Sanhedrin 10:4-11:1
Sanhedrin10: 4
אַנְשֵׁי עִיר הַנִּדַּחַת אֵין לָהֶן חֵלֶק לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ,,יָצְאוּ אֲנָשִׁים בְּנֵי־בְלִיַּעַל מִקִּרְבֶּךָ וַיַּדִּיחוּ אֶת־ישְׁבֵי עִירָם”. וְאֵינָן נֶהֱרָגִים עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ מַדִּיחֶיהָ מֵאוֹתָהּ הָעִיר וּמֵאוֹתוֹ הַשֵּׁבֶט, וְעַד שֶׁיֻּדַּח רֻבָּהּ, וְעַד שֶׁיַּדִּיחוּם אֲנָשִׁים. הִדִּיחוּהָ נָשִׁים וּקְטַנִּים, אוֹ שֶׁהֻדַּח מִעוּטָהּ, אוֹ שֶׁהָיוּ מַדִּיחֶיהָ חוּצָה לָהּ, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ כַיְחִידִים. וּצְרִיכִין שְׁנֵי עֵדִים וְהַתְרָאָה לְכָל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. זֶה חֹמֶר בַּיְחִידִים מִבַּמְרֻבִּים: שֶׁהַיְחִידִים בִּסְקִילָה; לְפִיכָךְ מָמוֹנָם פָּלֵט. וְהַמְרֻבִּים בְּסַיִף; לְפִיכָךְ מָמוֹנָם אָבֵד.
The people of an apostate town have no share in the World to Come, as it is stated: There went out wicked men from your midst and they led astray the inhabitants of their town. They are not beheaded unless those that led them astray are from that town and that tribe, unless the majority [of the town] has been led astray, and unless they have been led astray by men. [If] they were led astray by women or children, or [only] a minority was led astray, or if those leading them astray were from outside the town, they are treated as individuals. They require two witnesses and a warning for each one. This is the stringency of individuals over a multitude: individuals are stoned; therefore their property is spared. The multitude are beheaded; therefore their property is forfeit.
Sanhedrin10: 5
,,הַכֵּה תַכֶּה אֶת וגו› ” — הַחַמֶּרֶת וְהַגַּמֶּלֶת הָעוֹבֶרֶת מִמָּקוֹם לְמָקוֹם, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ מַצִּילִין אוֹתָהּ. ,,הַחֲרֵם אֹתָהּ וְאֶת־כָּל־אֲשֶׁר־בָּהּ וגו› — מִכָּאן אָמְרוּ: נִכְסֵי צַדִּיקִים שֶׁבְּתוֹכָהּ אוֹבְדִין, שֶׁבְּחוּצָה לָהּ פְּלֵטִין; וְשֶׁל רְשָׁעִים, בֵּין שֶׁבְּתוֹכָהּ בֵּין שֶׁבְּחוּצָה לָהּ, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ אוֹבְדִין.
You shall surely smite, etc. —- A donkey train or camel caravan which passes from place to place saves it. Destroy it and all that is in it, etc. —- From here they derived [that] the possessions of the righteous which are in it are forfeit, [while] those which are outside it are saved; those of the wicked, whether within or without, are forfeit.
Sanhedrin10: 6
שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ,,וְאֶת־כָּל־שְׁלָלָהּ תִּקְבֹּץ אֶל־תּוֹךְ רְחֹבָהּ וגו”› — אִם אֵין לָהּ רְחוֹב, עוֹשִׂין לָהּ רְחוֹב. הָיָה רְחוֹבָהּ חוּצָה לָהּ, כּוֹנְסִין אוֹתוֹ לְתוֹכָהּ. ,,וְשָׂרַפְתָּ בָאֵשׁ אֶת־הָעִיר וְאֶת כָּל שְׁלָלָהּ כָּלִיל לַה› אֱלֹהֶיךָ” — ,,שְׁלָלָהּ”, וְלֹא שְׁלַל שָׁמָיִם. מִכָּאן אָמְרוּ: הַהֶקְדֵּשׁוֹת שֶׁבָּהּ יִפָּדוּ, וּתְרוּמוֹת יִרְקְבוּ, מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי וְכִתְבֵי הַקֹּדֶשׁ יִגָּנְזוּ. ,,כָּלִיל לַה› אֱלֹהֶיךָ” — אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן: אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא: אִם אַתֶּם עוֹשִׂים דִּין בְּעִיר הַנִּדַּחַת, מַעֲלֶה אֲנִי עֲלֵיכֶם כְּאִלּוּ אַתֶּם מַעֲלִין עוֹלָה כָלִיל לְפָנָי. ,,וְהָיְתָה תֵּל עוֹלָם; לֹא תִבָּנֶה עוֹד” — לֹא תֵעָשֶׂה אֲפִלּוּ גַנּוֹת וּפַרְדֵּסִים; דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר: ,,לֹא תִבָּנֶה עוֹד” — לִכְמוֹ שֶׁהָיְתָה אֵינָהּ נִבְנֵית אֲבָל נַעֲשֵׂית הִיא גַּנּוֹת וּפַרְדֵּסִים. ,,וְלֹא־יִדְבַּק בְּיָדְךָ מְאוּמָה מִן־הַחֵרֶם” — שֶׁכָּל זְמַן שֶׁהָרְשָׁעִים בָּעוֹלָם, חֲרוֹן אַף בָּעוֹלָם; אָבְדוּ רְשָׁעִים מִן הָעוֹלָם, נִסְתַּלֵּק חֲרוֹן אַף מִן הָעוֹלָם.
As it is stated: And all its spoils you shall gather into its plaza, etc. —- If it has no plaza, they make one. [If] its plaza is outside it, they bring it in. And you shall burn the town and its spoils completely to Hashem your God —- its spoils, not the spoils of Heaven. From here they derived [that] the hekdesh objects in it are redeemed, the terumos are [left] to rot, [and the] maaser sheni and Holy Scriptures must be buried. Completely to Hashem your God —- said R’ Shimon: The Holy One, Blessed is He, said: If you will carry out the judgment of an apostate town, it is as if you bring a burnt-offering before Me. And it shall be a mound forever; it may not be rebuilt at all —- it may not even be made into gardens or orchards; [these are] the words of R’ Yose HaGlili. R’ Akiva says: It may never again be rebuilt —- it may not be rebuilt to what it was but it may be made into gardens and orchards. And nothing of the banned matter shall stick to your hand —- For as long as the wicked are in the world, there is anger in the world; [when] the wicked perish from the world, anger disappears from the world.
Sanhedrin11: 1
אֵלּוּ הֵן הַנֶּחֱנָקִין: הַמַּכֶּה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ, וְגוֹנֵב נֶפֶשׁ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, וְזָקֵן מַמְרֵא עַל פִּי בֵית דִּין, וּנְבִיא הַשֶּׁקֶר, וְהַמִּתְנַבֵּא בְּשֵׁם עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה, וְהַבָּא עַל אֵשֶׁת אִישׁ, וְזוֹמְמֵי בַת כֹּהֵן, וּבוֹעֲלָהּ. הַמַּכֶּה אָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ אֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיַּעֲשֶׂה בָהֶן חַבּוּרָה. זֶה חֹמֶר בַּמְקַלֵּל מִבַּמַּכֶּה — שֶׁהַמְקַלֵּל לְאַחַר מִיתָה חַיָּב, וְהַמַּכֶּה לְאַחַר מִיתָה פָּטוּר. הַגּוֹנֵב נֶפֶשׁ מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל אֵינוֹ חַיָּב עַד שֶׁיַּכְנִיסֶנּוּ לִרְשׁוּתוֹ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: עַד שֶׁיַּכְנִיסֶנּוּ לִרְשׁוּתוֹ וְיִשְׁתַּמֶּשׁ בּוֹ, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: ,,וְהִתְעַמֶּר בּוֹ וּמְכָרוֹ”. הַגּוֹנֵב אֶת בְּנוֹ, רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל בְּנוֹ שֶׁל רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן בְּרוֹקָה מְחַיֵּב, וַחֲכָמִים פּוֹטְרִין. גָּנַב מִי שֶׁחֶצְיוֹ עֶבֶד וְחֶצְיוֹ בֶן חוֹרִין, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְחַיֵּב, וַחֲכָמִים פוֹטְרִין.
These are the ones who are strangled: one who strikes his father or mother, one who kidnaps a Jew, an elder who rebels against the word of the court, a false prophet, one who prophesies in the name of a false god, one who commits adultery, the zomemim [witnesses] of the daughter of a Kohen, and the man who cohabited with her. One who strikes his father or mother is not liable unless he makes a bruise. This is the stringency of one who curses over one who strikes —- one who curses [his parents] after [their] death is liable, whereas one who strikes [them] after [their] death is exempt. One who kidnaps a Jew is not liable unless he takes him into his possession. R’ Yehudah says: Unless he brings him into his possession and makes use of him, as it is stated: And he made use of him and sold him. [If] one kidnaps his son, R’ Yishmael the son of R’ Yochanan ben Berokah renders [him] liable, but the Sages exempt [him]. [If] he kidnapped someone who was half slave and half free, R’ Yehudah renders [him] liable, but the Sages exempt [him].
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