Produce may not be mixed with [other] produce —- even new [produce] with [other] new [produce]; and, certainly, new with old. Truly, in [the case of] wine, they permitted to mix strong [wine] with mild [wine], because it improves it.  The lees of [one] wine may not be mixed with [another] wine, but he may give him its own lees. One whose wine was mixed with water may not sell it in a store, unless he notifies him; and not to a merchant —- even if he notifies him —- for this is only to deceive with it.  Wherever they are accustomed to put water into wine, they may put.

A merchant may take from five threshing-floors and put [it] into one bin; from five winepresses, and put [it] into one cask, as long as he does not intend to mix.  R’ Yehudah says: A storekeeper may not distribute parched corn or nuts to the children, because he accustoms them [to come] to him. The sages, however, permit [it].  He may not lower the price. The Sages, however, say: He is remembered for good.  He may not sift crushed beans; [these are] the words of Abba Shaul. The Sages, however, permit [it]. They agree, however, that he may not sift from the opening of the bin, for he is only like one who deceives the eye.  We may not beautify either man, beast, or utensils.

What is interest and what is increase? What is interest? [If] one lends a sela for five dinars, [or] two se’in of wheat for three, because he “bites.” And what is increase? One who increases through produce. How? [If] he purchased wheat from him at [the rate of] a golden dinar per kor, and that was the market price. [Then] wheat rose to thirty dinars, [and] he said to him: “Give me my wheat, for I wish to sell it and purchase wine for it.” He replied: “Your wheat shall be considered [a debt of] thirty dinars upon me, and you have [a claim of] wine upon me for them”; but he has no wine.

[If] one lends to another, he may not dwell in his courtyard gratis, nor may he rent it from him for less, because it is increase.  The rent may be increased, but the sale price may not be increased. How? [If] he rented him his courtyard, and said to him: “If you pay me now, you may have it for ten selaim per year, but if [you pay] for each month in its month, [you must pay] a sela per month,” it is permissible. [If] he sold him his field, and said to him: “If you pay me now, it is yours for a thousand zuz, [but] if at the time of threshing, [I give it to you] for twelve maneh,” it is prohibited.