Four silver [ma’os] constitutes fraud. Two silver [ma’os] constitutes a claim, and the worth of a perutah constitutes a confes-sion.  There are five [laws involving a] perutah: The worth of a perutah constitutes confession; a woman may be married with the worth of a perutah; [if] one derives benefit worth a perutah from consecrated things, he has committed me’ilah; [if] one finds the worth of a perutah, he is required to announce [it]; and [if] one robs another of the worth of a perutah and swears to him, he must follow him with it even to Media.

Five [laws require the addition of] a fifth: [If] one eats terumah, terumah of the tithe, terumah of the tithe of demai, challah, or bikkurim, he must add a fifth; [if] one redeems his reva’i plantings or his second tithe, he must add a fifth; [if] one re-deems his consecrated objects, he must add a fifth: [if] one derives benefit the worth of a perutah from consecrated articles, he must add a fifth; and [if] one robs another of the worth of a perutah and swears to him, he must add a fifth.

The following things are not governed by [the law of] fraud: Slaves, deeds, land, and consecrated articles. [The rule of] two-fold payment does not [apply] to them, nor [that of] the fourfold and fivefold payment. An unpaid shomer need not take an oath, nor need a paid shomer pay.  R’ Shimon says: Consecrated articles for which one is responsible are governed by [the law of] fraud; but those for which he is not responsible are not governed by [the law of] fraud. R’ Yehudah says: Also one who sells a Torah scroll, an animal, or a pearl is not governed by [the law of] fraud. They said to him: They stated only these.

Just as there is wronging in buying and selling, so is there wronging with words. One shall not say to another: “How much does this article cost?” if he does not wish to purchase [it]. If he was a penitent, he shall not say to him: “Remember your former deeds!” If he was the son of proselytes, he shall not say to him: “Remember your ancestors’ deeds!” for it is said (Exodus 22:20): You shall neither wrong a proselyte nor oppress him.