The [amount that constitutes] fraud is four silver [ma’os] out of twenty-four silver [ma’os which are equivalent] to a sela —- a sixth of the purchase.  Until when can one revoke [the sale]? Until he is able to show [the item] to a merchant or to his relative.  R’ Tarfon ruled in Lod: The [amount that constitutes] fraud is eight silver [ma’os] out of a sela —- a third of the purchase —- and the merchants of Lod rejoiced. He said to them: For a whole day, one may revoke [the sale]. They said to him: Let R’ Tarfon leave us alone in our place. And they went back to the words of the Sages.

Both the buyer and the seller are governed by the [law of] fraud. Just as [the law of] fraud [applies] to a layman, so does [the law of] fraud [apply] to a merchant. R’ Yehudah says: [The law of] fraud does not [apply] to a merchant.  The one who has been imposed upon has the upper hand. If he wishes, he may say to him: “Give me my money”, or: ”Give me what you defrauded me.”

How much may a sela be defective, and yet there should still be no [infraction of the law of] fraud? R’ Meir says: Four issarin —- an issar to a dinar. R’ Yehudah says: Four pundeyonos —- a pundeyon to a dinar. R’ Shimon says: Eight pundeyonos —- two pundeyonos to a dinar.

Until when may one return [it]? In big cities, until he can show [it] to a money changer; in villages, until the eve of the Sab-bath. If he recognizes it [however], he should accept it from him even after twelve months. But he has only resentment against him. He may give it for the second tithe, and he need not fear, for it is only [out of] evil disposition [that one refuses this coin].