[If] one brings his bull into another's yard with-out permission, and the other person's bull gores it, or the other person's dog bites it, he is exempt. [If] it gores the other person's bull, [the owner of the goring bull] is liable. [If] it falls into his pit and makes its water foul, he is liable. [If] his father or his son was in it, he pays ransom. But if he brings [it] in with permission, the owner of the yard is liable.  Rabbi says: In no case is he liable unless he accepts to watch.

[If] a bull aims for another bull and strikes a woman, causing her to abort, [its owner] is exempt from [paying] the value of the fetus. But [if] a person aims for another person and strikes a woman, causing her to abort, he pays the value of the fetus.  How does one pay the value of the fetus? We appraise how much the woman was worth before giving birth and how much she is worth since she gave birth. Said Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel: If so, when the woman gives birth, she increases in value! Ra-ther, we appraise how much the fetus was worth, and he gives [it] to the husband; if she has no husband, he gives [it] to his heirs. [If] she had been a slave who was freed, or a proselyte, he is exempt.

[If] one digs a pit in a private domain and opens it into a public domain, or [if he digs it] in a public domain and opens it into a private domain, [or if he digs it] in a private domain and opens it into another private domain, he is liable.  [If] one digs a pit in a public domain, and a bull or a donkey falls into it and dies, he is liable. Whether one digs a pit, a trench, a cave, quad-rangular pits, or wedge-like ditches, he is liable. If so, why is pit stated? [To teach us that] just as a pit is deep enough to cause death —- [being] ten handbreadths, so is everything that is deep enough to bring about death —- [being] ten handbreadths. [If] they are less than ten handbreadths [deep], and a bull or a donkey fell into it and died, he is exempt; if it is injured, he is liable.

[If] a pit belongs to two partners [and] the first one passes by it and does not cover it, and the second one [passes by] and does not cover it, the second one is liable. [If] the first one covers it, and the second one comes and finds it uncovered and does not cover it, the second one is liable.  [If] he covers it properly, and a bull or a donkey falls into it and dies, he is exempt. [If] he does not cover it properly, and a bull or a donkey falls into it and dies, he is liable.  [If] it fell forward because of the sound of digging, he is liable; backward because of the sound of digging, he is exempt.  [If] an ox with its trapping falls into it and they break, or a donkey with its trappings and they tear, he is liable for the animal, but exempt for the trappings.  [If] a bull that was deaf, foolish, or young falls into it, he is liable; a male child or a female child, a male slave or a female slave, he is exempt.