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Bava Kama 3:7-3:10
Bava Kama3: 7
הַמְבַקֵּעַ בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד וְהִזִּיק בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים; בִּרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים, וְהִזִּיק בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד; בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד, וְהִזִּיק בִּרְשׁוּת הַיָּחִיד אַחֵר — חַיָּב.
[If] one chops [wood] in a private domain and damages in a public domain; [or] in a public domain, and damages in a private domain; [or] in a private domain, and damages in another private domain —- he is liable.
Bava Kama3: 8
שְׁנֵי שְׁוָרִים תַּמִּים שֶׁחָבְלוּ זֶה אֶת זֶה, מְשַׁלְּמִים בַּמּוֹתָר חֲצִי נֶזֶק. שְׁנֵיהֶם מוּעָדִים, מְשַׁלְּמִים בַּמּוֹתָר נֶזֶק שָׁלֵם. אֶחָד תָּם וְאֶחָד מוּעָד — מוּעָד בַּתָּם, מְשַׁלֵּם בַּמּוֹתָר נֶזֶק שָׁלֵם; תָּם בַּמּוּעָד, מְשַׁלֵּם בַּמּוֹתָר חֲצִי נֶזֶק. וְכֵן שְׁנֵי אֲנָשִׁים שֶׁחָבְלוּ זֶה בָזֶה, מְשַׁלְּמִים בַּמּוֹתָר נֶזֶק שָׁלֵם. אָדָם בְּמוּעָד וּמוּעָד בְּאָדָם, מְשַׁלֵּם בַּמּוֹתָר נֶזֶק שָׁלֵם. אָדָם בְּתָם, וְתָם בְּאָדָם — אָדָם בַּתָּם, מְשַׁלֵּם בַּמּוֹתָר נֶזֶק שָׁלֵם; תָּם בָּאָדָם, מְשַׁלֵּם בַּמּוֹתָר חֲצִי נֶזֶק. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר: אַף תָּם שֶׁחָבַל בְּאָדָם מְשַׁלֵּם בַּמּוֹתָר נֶזֶק שָׁלֵם.
[If] two tam bulls wounded one another, [their owners] pay half the excess. [If] both are muadin, they pay the full excess. [If] one is tam and the other muad, [that which] the muad [injured] the tam, [its owner] pays the full excess; [that which] the tam [injured] the muad [its owner] pays half the excess. Likewise [if] two men wounded one another, they pay the full excess. [If] a man [injured] a muad [animal] and the muad [injured] the man, he pays the full excess. [If] a man [injured] a tam, and the tam [injured] the man, [that which] the man [injured] the tam, he pays the full excess; [that which] the tam [injured] the man, [its owner] pays half the excess. R' Akiva says: Also [if] a tam wounded a man, [its owner] pays the full excess.
Bava Kama3: 9
] שׁוֹר שָׁוֶה מָנֶה שֶׁנָּגַח שׁוֹר שָׁוֶה מָאתַיִם, וְאֵין הַנְּבֵלָה יָפָה כְלוּם, נוֹטֵל אֶת הַשּׁוֹר.
שׁוֹר שָׁוֶה מָאתַיִם שֶׁנָּגַח שׁוֹר שָׁוֶה מָאתַיִם, וְאֵין הַנְּבֵלָה יָפָה כְלוּם, אָמַר רַבִּי מֵאִיר: עַל זֶה נֶאֱמַר: ,,וּמָכְרוּ אֶת־הַשּׁוֹר הַחַי וְחָצוּ אֶת־כַּסְפּוֹ.” אָמַר לוֹ רַבִּי יְהוּדָה: וְכֵן הֲלָכָה. קִיַּמְתָּ: ,,וּמָכְרוּ אֶת־הַשּׁוֹר הַחַי וְחָצוּ אֶת־כַּסְפּוֹ,” וְלֹא קִיַּמְתָּ: ,,וְגַם אֶת־הַמֵּת יֶחֱצוּן.” וְאֵיזֶה? זֶה שׁוֹר שָׁוֶה מָאתַיִם שֶׁנָּגַח שׁוֹר שָׁוֶה מָאתַיִם, וְהַנְּבֵלָה יָפָה חֲמִשִּׁים זוּז, שֶׁזֶּה נוֹטֵל חֲצִי הַחַי וַחֲצִי הַמֵּת, וְזֶה נוֹטֵל חֲצִי הַחַי וַחֲצִי הַמֵּת.
[If] a bull worth a maneh gores a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth nothing, he takes the bull. [If] a bull worth two hundred gores a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth nothing —- said R' Meir: Regarding this it is said (Exodus 21:35): They shall sell the live bull and divide the money of it. Said R' Yehudah to him: Indeed, so is the halachah. You have fulfilled: They shall sell the live bull and divide the money of it, but you have not fulfilled: and also divide the dead one. Which one is that? That is a bull worth two hundred that gored a bull worth two hundred, and the carcass is worth fifty zuz, in which case this one takes half the live one and half the dead one, and that one takes half the live one and half the dead one.
Bava Kama3: 10
יֵשׁ חַיָּב עַל מַעֲשֵׂה שׁוֹרוֹ וּפָטוּר עַל מַעֲשֵׂה עַצְמוֹ; פָּטוּר עַל מַעֲשֵׂה שׁוֹרוֹ וְחַיָּב עַל מַעֲשֵׂה עַצְמוֹ. שׁוֹרוֹ שֶׁבִּיֵּשׁ, פָּטוּר; וְהוּא שֶׁבִּיֵּשׁ, חַיָּב. שׁוֹרוֹ שֶׁסִּמֵּא אֶת עֵין עַבְדּוֹ וְהִפִּיל אֶת שִׁנּוֹ, פָּטוּר; וְהוּא שֶׁסִּמֵּא אֶת עֵין עַבְדּוֹ וְהִפִּיל אֶת שִׁנּוֹ, חַיָּב. שׁוֹרוֹ שֶׁחָבַל בְּאָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ, חַיָּב; וְהוּא שֶׁחָבַל בְּאָבִיו וְאִמּוֹ, פָּטוּר. שׁוֹרוֹ שֶׁהִדְלִיק אֶת הַגָּדִישׁ בְּשַׁבָּת, חַיָּב; וְהוּא שֶׁהִדְלִיק אֶת הַגָּדִישׁ בְּשַׁבָּת, פָּטוּר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מִתְחַיֵּב בְּנַפְשׁוֹ.
Sometimes one is liable for the deed of his bull and exempt for his own deed; [sometimes he is] exempt for the deed of his bull and liable for his own deed. [If] his bull embarrassed [someone], he is exempt; but if he embarrassed [someone], he is liable. [If] his bull blinded his slave's eye or knocked out his tooth, he is exempt; but if he blinded his slave's eye or knocked out his tooth, he is liable. [If] his bull wounded his father or his mother, he is liable; but [if] he wounded his father or his mother, he is exempt. [If] his bull ignited a stack of grain on the Sabbath, he is liable; but [if] he ignited a stack of grain on the Sabbath, he is exempt, because he is liable for his life.
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