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Gittin 5:3-5:6
Gitin5: 3
אֵין מוֹצִיאִין לַאֲכִילַת פֵּרוֹת, וְלִשְׁבַח קַרְקָעוֹת, וְלִמְזוֹן הָאִשָּׁה וְהַבָּנוֹת מִנְּכָסִים מְשֻׁעְבָּדִים, מִפְּנֵי תִקּוּן הָעוֹלָם. וְהַמּוֹצֵא מְצִיאָה לֹא יִשָּׁבַע, מִפְּנֵי תִקּוּן הָעוֹלָם.
Payment may not be collected —- for the consumption of produce, or for the improvement of property, or for the support of the wife and daughters —- from assigned property, for the sake of the general good. One who finds a lost article need not swear, for the sake of the general good.
Gitin5: 4
יְתוֹמִים שֶׁסָּמְכוּ אֵצֶל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת, אוֹ שֶׁמִּנָּה לָהֶן אֲבִיהֶן אַפּוֹטְרוֹפּוֹס — חַיָּב לְעַשֵּׂר פֵּרוֹתֵיהֶן. אַפּוֹטְרוֹפּוֹס שֶׁמִּנָּהוּ אֲבִי יְתוֹמִים — יִשָּׁבַע; מִנָּהוּ בֵית דִּין — לֹא יִשָּׁבַע. אַבָּא שָׁאוּל אוֹמֵר: חִלּוּף הַדְּבָרִים. הַמְטַמֵּא, וְהַמְדַמֵּעַ, וְהַמְנַסֵּךְ: בְּשׁוֹגֵג — פָּטוּר; בְּמֵזִיד — חַיָּב. הַכֹּהֲנִים שֶׁפִּגְּלוּ בַמִּקְדָּשׁ מְזִידִין חַיָּבִין.
Orphans who relied upon a householder, or if their father appointed an administrator for them —- he is obligated to tithe their produce. An administrator appointed by the orphans' father must swear; [if] appointed by the court, he need not swear. Abba Shaul says: The reverse [is true]. One who ritually contaminates [another's food], or one who mixes [it] with terumah, or one who offers [another's wine as] a libation [for idol-worship], if [he did it] inadvertently, he is not liable; if deliberately, he is liable. Kohanim who deliberately rendered [an offering] in the Sanctuary piggul are liable.
Gitin5: 5
הֵעִיד רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן גּדְגְּדָה עַל הַחֵרֶשֶׁת שֶׁהִשִּׂיאָהּ אָבִיהָ, שֶׁהִיא יוֹצְאָה בְגֵט; וְעַל קְטַנָּה בַת יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁנִּשֵּׂאת לְכֹהֵן, שֶׁאוֹכֶלֶת בַּתְּרוּמָה; וְאִם מֵתָה — בַּעְלָהּ יוֹרְשָׁהּ; וְעַל הַמָּרִישׁ הַגָּזוּל שֶׁבְּנָאוֹ בַבִּירָה, שֶׁיִּטּוֹל אֶת דָּמָיו, מִפְּנֵי תַקָּנַת הַשָּׁבִים; וְעַל הַחַטָּאת הַגְּזוּלָה שֶׁלֹּא נוֹדְעָה לָרַבִּים, שֶׁהִיא מְכַפֶּרֶת, מִפְּנֵי תִקּוּן הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.
R' Yochanan ben Gudgedah testified that a deaf-mute girl, whose father married her off, can be divorced with a get; and that a minor, the daughter of a non-Kohen who was married to a Kohen, may eat terumah; and if she dies, her husband inherits her; and that for a stolen beam which was built into a large building, he shall take its value, for the sake of penitents; and that a stolen sin-offering, [whose status] was not known to the public, atones, for the sake of the Altar.
Gitin5: 6
לֹא הָיָה סִיקְרִיקוֹן בִּיהוּדָה בַּהֲרוּגֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה. מֵהֲרוּגֵי הַמִּלְחָמָה וְאֵילָךְ, יֶשׁ בָּהּ סִיקְרִיקוֹן. כֵּיצַד? לָקַח מִסִּיקְרִיקוֹן, וְחָזַר וְלָקַח מִבַּעַל הַבַּיִת — מִקָּחוֹ בָטֵל; מִבַּעַל הַבַּיִת, וְחָזַר וְלָקַח מִסִּיקְרִיקוֹן — מִקָּחוֹ קַיָּם. לָקַח מִן הָאִישׁ, וְחָזַר וְלָקַח מִן הָאִשָּׁה — מִקָּחוֹ בָטֵל; מִן הָאִשָּׁה, וְחָזַר וְלָקַח מִן הָאִישׁ — מִקָּחוֹ קַיָּם. זוֹ מִשְׁנָה רִאשׁוֹנָה. בֵּית דִּין שֶׁל אַחֲרֵיהֶם אָמְרוּ: הַלּוֹקֵחַ מִסִּיקְרִיקוֹן נוֹתֵן לַבְּעָלִים רְבִיעַ. אֵימָתַי? בִּזְמַן שֶׁאֵין בְּיָדָן לִקַּח. אֲבָל יֵשׁ בְּיָדָן לִקַּח — הֵן קוֹדְמִין לְכָל אָדָם. רַבִּי הוֹשִׁיב בֵּית דִּין, וְנִמְנוּ שֶׁאִם שָׁהֲתָה בִּפְנֵי סִיקְרִיקוֹן שְׁנֵים עָשָׂר חֹדֶשׁ — כָּל הַקּוֹדֵם לִקַּח זוֹכֶה, אֲבָל נוֹתֵן לַבְּעָלִים רְבִיעַ.
There were no extortionists of land in Judea in [the time of] those slain at war. From [the time of] the slain at war and onward, there are extortionists there. How? [If] one bought from the extortionist, and then bought from the owner, his purchase is void; from the owner, and then from the extortionist, his purchase is valid. [If] he bought from the husband, and then bought from the wife, his purchase is void; from the wife, and then from the husband, his purchase is valid. This is the original ruling. The court that came after them said: One who buys from an extortionist gives the owner one-fourth. When [is this]? When they do not have [with what] to buy. But if they have [with what] to buy, they take precedence over any person. Rabbi convened a court, and they voted and enacted that if it remained with the extortionist twelve months, whoever is first to buy it acquires [it], but he gives the owner one-fourth.
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