The commandment of chalitzah [is performed as follows]: He and his yevamah come to the court, and they give him advice appropriate to him, as it is said (Deut. 25:8): And the elders of his city shall summon him and speak to him. She [then] says: My husband's brother refuses to establish a name for his brother in Israel; he is not willing to take me in yibum; and he says: I do not want to take her. They said this in the Holy Language. Then his brother's wife shall approach him in the presence of the elders and remove his shoe from his foot and spit before him —- spittle discernible to the judges. And [she shall] declare, saying, “So should be done to the man who would not build his brother's house!” They used to dictate [only] until this point, but when R' Hurkanos dictated under the eilah tree in the village of Eitam and completed the entire chapter, it became [the] established [custom] to complete the entire chapter —- And his name shall be called in Israel, the house of the one whose shoe was removed. The commandment is incumbent on the judges and not on the disciples. R' Yehudah says: The commandment is incumbent upon all those standing there to say: “The one whose shoe was removed, the one whose shoe was removed, the one whose shoe was removed.”

Beis Shammai say: Only those [who are] betrothed may refuse; but Beis Hillel say: Both those [who are] betrothed and those [who are] married [may refuse]. Beis Shammai say: [Only] the husband [may be refused], but not the yavam; while Beis Hillel say: [Both] the husband and the yavam [may be refused]. Beis Shammai say: [Refusal may only be made] in his presence; but Beis Hillel say: [It may be made] whether in his presence or not. Beis Shammai say: [Only] in court; but Beis Hillel say: Whether in court or out of court. Beis Hillel said to Beis Shammai: She may refuse while a minor, even four and five times. Beis Shammai replied: The daughters of Israel are not to be [treated as] promiscuous. Rather, she may refuse and wait until adulthood, or refuse and marry.

Who is the minor [wife] who must refuse? Anyone whose mother or brothers gave her in marriage with her consent. [If] they gave her in marriage without her consent, she does not need to refuse. R' Chanina ben Antignos says: Any child who is unable to guard her betrothal [object] need not refuse. R' Eliezer says: A minor's act is void —- it is as if she had been seduced; a Yisrael's daughter [married] to a Kohen may not eat terumah, [and] a Kohen's daughter [married] to a Yisrael may eat terumah.

R' Eliezer ben Yaakov says: Whenever she stayed for the husband, she is [considered] like his wife; but whenever she did not stay for the husband, she is not [considered] like his wife.