If one roofs his succah with spits or bed boards, if the space between them is equal to themselves, it is valid.  If one hollowed out a haystack to make a succah inside it, it is not a succah.

If one suspends the walls from above downwards, if [they are] three handbreadths above the ground, it is invalid; from below upwards, if it reaches a height of ten handbreadths from the ground, it is valid.  R’ Yose says: Just as from below upwards ten handbreadths [suffice], so from above downwards ten handbreadths [suffice].  If one moved the s’chach three handbreadths away from the walls, it is invalid.

A house that was breached and he placed s’chach over it, if there are four cubits from the wall to the s’chach, it is invalid. The same [applies to] a courtyard that is surrounded by a portico.  A large succah that they ringed with material that we may not use for s’chach, if there were four cubits beneath it, it is invalid.

If one makes his succah like a conical hut, or he leaned it against the wall, R’ Eliezer invalidates it since it has no roof; but the Sages declare it valid.  A large reed mat —- if made to lie upon, it is susceptible to contamination and we may not use it for s’chach; if for shade, we may use it for s’chach and it is not susceptible to contamination.  R’ Eliezer says: Whether [the mat is] small or large —- if he made it to lie upon, it is susceptible to contamination and we may not use it as s’chach; if for s’chach, we may use it for s’chach and it is not susceptible to contamination.