We may invert a bowl over a lamp in order that it not set fire to a beam; or over feces [because] of a child; or over a scorpion so that it not sting. R’ Yehudah said: An incident came before Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai in Arab, and he said, ‘‘I fear for him [that he is liable] for a sin offering.’’

If a gentile lit a lamp, a Jew may use its light; but if [he did so] for a Jew, he may not [use it]. If [a gentile] drew water to water his own animal, a Jew may water [his animal] after him; but if [he did so] for a Jew, he may not [use it]. If a gentile made a gangway upon which to disembark, a Jew may disembark after him; but if [he did so] for a Jew, he may not [use it]. It once happened that Rabban Gamliel and the elders were arriving on a ship, and a gentile made a gangway by which to disembark, and Rabban Gamliel and the elders disembarked by it.

All utensils may be taken on the Sabbath and their doors with them, even though they were detached on the Sabbath; for they are not like house doors, which are not prepared.

A person may take a hammer with which to crack nuts; or a hatchet [with which] to cut a cake of pressed figs; a saw with which to slice cheese; a shovel with which to scoop up dried figs; a winnowing shovel or a pitchfork on which to put [something] for a child; a spindle or a weaver’s reed with which to spear [fruit]; a hand needle with which to take [out] a thorn; or [a] sackmakers’ [needle] with which to open a door.