One who throws from the sea to the dry land, from the dry land to the sea, from the sea to the ship, from the ship to the sea, or from one ship to another, is exempt. If ships are tied together, we may move [things] from one to the other. If they are not tied [together], even though they are close to each other, we may not move [things] from one to the other.

One who threw [something], and reminded himself after it had left his hand; [or] another [person] caught it; [or] a dog caught it; [or] it was burnt [in flight]; he is exempt. [If] one threw [a stone] with the intention of inflicting a wound upon either a man or a beast, and he reminded himself when the wound had not yet been inflicted, he is exempt. This is the rule: All who are liable for sin offerings are not liable unless the be-ginning and the end of their acts are [both] inadvertent. [If] their beginning was in-advertent but their end was intentional, [or if] their beginning was intentional but their end was inadvertent, they are exempt, unless their beginning and their end are inadvertent.

One who builds, how much must he build to be liable? One who builds any amount; one who chisels [a stone], strikes with a hammer or with an adz, [or] drills, any amount, is liable. This is the rule: Anyone who works, and his work endures, on the Sabbath is liable. Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel says; Also one who strikes with a sledge hammer on the anvil while working is liable, since he is as one who improves the work.

One who plows any amount; one who weeds, or prunes dry branches, or prunes young shoots, in any amount, is liable. One who gathers wood, if [his intent is] to effect an improvement, [he is liable for] any amount if [his intent is] for kindling, [he is liable] for the amount [of wood] required to cook an easily cooked egg. One who gathers grasses, if [his intent is] to effect an improvement, [he is liable for] any amount; if [his intent is] for animal [fodder], [he is liable] for as much as a kid’s mouthful.