Five things are obligated in challah: wheat, barley, spelt, oats, and rye. These [species] are obligated in challah, they combine with one another and they are forbidden under [the law of] chadash [to be eaten] before Pesach, and to be harvested before the omer. And if they took root before the omer, the omer renders them permitted; but if not, they are forbidden until the next omer is brought.

[If] one eats a kezayis of matzah [of these species] on Pesach, he has discharged his obligation; [if one eats] a kezayis of chametz [of these species], he is liable to kares. [If] one of these [five species of grain] was mixed with another type [of food], this [person who possesses the mixture] transgresses on Pesach.  [If] one vows [to abstain] from “bread” or from “tevuah,” he is forbidden to [eat bread made from] these [Five Species], [these are] the words of R' Meir. But the Sages say: One who vows [to abstain] from “dagan” is forbidden only to [eat] these [species].  And they are obligated in challah and in tithes.

These [items] are obligated in challah but are exempt from tithes: leket, shich'chah, pe'ah, ownerless [produce], maaser rishon whose terumah was taken, maaser sheni and hekdesh [produce] that were redeemed, the leftover of the omer, and grain which has not attained a third [of its growth]. R' Eliezer says: Grain which has not attained a third [of its growth] is exempt from challah.

These [items] are liable to tithes but are exempt from challah: rice, millet, poppy, sesame, legumes, and less than five reva'im in [the case of] grain.  Sufganin, duvshanin, iskeritin, a pan loaf, and dimua mixtures are exempt from challah.