[If] they were sitting [together] to eat, each and every one recites the blessings for him-self. [If] they reclined, one recites the blessings for all of them. [If] wine was brought to them during the meal, each and every one recites the blessing for himself; [if wine was brought] after the meal, one recites the blessing for all of them. And he says [the blessing] on the incense, even though they do not bring the incense until af-ter the meal.

[If] they brought before [someone] a salted food first, and bread with it, he recites a blessing on the salted food and discharges [the blessing obligation for] the bread, because the bread is subordinate to it. This is the rule: Whenever [a food] is primary, and [there is] a subordinate [food] with it, he recites a blessing on the primary [food] and discharges [the obligation for] the subordinate [food].

[If] one ate figs, or grapes, or pomegranates, he recites after them the Three Blessings. [These are] the words of Rabban Gamliel. But the Sages say: [He recites] one blessing which is an abridgment of the Three [Blessings]. R’ Akiva says: Even if one ate a cooked vegetable and it is his sustenance, he recites after it the Three Blessings. One who drinks water to [quench] his thirst says [the blessing of] ‘‘. . . that every-thing came into being through His word.’’ R’ Tarfon says: [He says the blessing of] ‘‘. . . Who creates numerous living things . . . .’’

Three people who ate together are obligated [to say] the blessing collectively. [If] one ate [bread] of demai, or [of] first tithe whose terumah has been taken, or [of] second tithe or consecrated produce that were redeemed, or [if] an attendant who ate an olive’s volume, or a Cuthean — the collective blessing is recited on their account. But if one ate tevel, or first tithe whose terumah had not been taken, or [of] second tithe or consecrated pro-duce that was not redeemed, or [if] an attendant ate less than an olive’s volume, or a gentile — the collective blessing is not recited on their account.